Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

329 questions · 345 findings · 49 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 23 · 6.7%GRADE not reported 17 · 4.9%Very low 117 · 33.9%Low 87 · 25.2%Moderate 91 · 26.4%High 10 · 2.9%

WENDAN DECOCTION vs antipsychotics

Global state: Clinically important change ‐ no improvement ‐ defined as PANSS < 50% reduction (short term) · patients with schizophrenia

WENDAN DECOCTION showed no clear difference in global state: Clinically important change ‐ no improvement ‐ defined… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs RISPERIDONE

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE DEPOT showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ short term compared with ORAL RISPERIDONE (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs RISPERIDONE

Adverse events: Movement disorder ‐ any extra pyramidal symptoms ‐ short term · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE DEPOT showed no clear difference in adverse events: Movement disorder ‐ any extra pyramidal symptoms ‐… compared with ORAL RISPERIDONE (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs placebo

Leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE DEPOT changes leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ all doses risperidone depot ‐… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs placebo

Adverse events: General: Severe adverse event ‐ any dose risperidone depot ‐ short term Spontaneous reporting by study participants · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE DEPOT changes adverse events: General: Severe adverse event ‐ any dose risperidone… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs placebo

Adverse events: Specific: Weight gain ‐ all doses of depot risperidone ‐ short term Spontaneous reporting by study participants · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE DEPOT changes adverse events: Specific: Weight gain ‐ all doses of depot… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Mental state: No 20% response (as defined by PANSS/BPRS total change) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE changes mental state: no clinically significant response in psychotic… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE may leads to lower leaving the study early ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) ‐ any reason compared with PLACEBO (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Global state: 2. no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI, short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether RISPERIDONE changes global state: 2. no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI, short… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

RISPERIDONE vs placebo

Adverse effects: 1a. extrapyramidal ‐ various effects ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) ‐ general ‐ any significant EPS · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE may leads to higher adverse effects: 1a. extrapyramidal ‐ various effects ‐ short term… compared with PLACEBO (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE

Mental state: No 20% response (as defined by PANSS/BPRS total change) · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE + CLOZAPINE showed no clear difference in mental state: no clinically significant response in psychotic… compared with PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE

Global state: 2. no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI, short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia

RISPERIDONE + CLOZAPINE showed no clear difference in global state: no significant clinical improvement ‐ CGI short term compared with PLACEBO + CLOZAPINE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review