What do systematic reviews say?

Multivariable caries prediction model vs Alternative prediction model(s) within the same study, or no formal comparator (models compared descriptively; no between-model statistical test)

Developmental root-caries prediction models were generally modest, except Sanchez-Garcia 2011 (LR+ 7.09) which reached the useful threshold; no pooled estimate; ungraded.

• Multivariable prediction models of caries increment: a systematic review and critical appraisal. 2023 All outcomes

  Follow-up >=1 year (included studies 1-5 years) · Oral health care; older adults; no geographical restriction · Model development studies
  No meta-analysis. Development root-caries models from 2 root-specific studies (Ritter 2016 [22], Sanchez-Garcia 2011 [23]) plus Powell 1991 [21] (coronal and root). Per-model LR+ (Table 2): Ritter 1.81-2.23 (5 models),…
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported
• Multivariable prediction models of caries increment: a systematic review and critical appraisal. 2023 All outcomes

  Follow-up >=1 year (included studies 1-5 years) · Oral health care; older adults; no geographical restriction · Model validation studies
  No meta-analysis. Only one root-caries validation study (Hayes 2017 [33], 5 Cariogram models); per-model LR+ (Table 2) ranged 1.88-2.78 (best when mutans streptococci omitted).
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care (e.g., training/education of non-dental primary care professionals, policy/financing and health-insurance changes, colocation of dental and medical services, interprofessional and community-health-worker collaboration, teledentistry, integrated oral health assessment tools, school-based activities) vs No integration / usual care (or pre-integration baseline; many included studies uncontrolled)

Integration strategies were generally associated with positive oral health knowledge, attitudes and perceptions among staff and patients (16 studies, narrative synthesis; ungraded).

• Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care: a systematic review. 2023 All outcomes

  Primary care, community, school, and aged-care/residential/nursing-home settings
  Knowledge/attitudes/perceptions of staff and patients was the second most studied outcome (n=16). Patient and staff perceptions on various aspects of the integration strategy were usually reported as positive.…
  16 studies
  GRADE not reported

Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care (e.g., training/education of non-dental primary care professionals, policy/financing and health-insurance changes, colocation of dental and medical services, interprofessional and community-health-worker collaboration, teledentistry, integrated oral health assessment tools, school-based activities) vs No integration / usual care (or pre-integration baseline; many included studies uncontrolled)

Key barriers to implementing integration strategies were time/staff/resource constraints and lack of organisational support, while facilitators were professionals' knowledge and attitudes and supportive governance/leadership (qualitative; ungraded).

• Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care: a systematic review. 2023 All outcomes

  Primary care, community, school, and aged-care/residential/nursing-home settings
  The most commonly studied qualitative outcomes were barriers and facilitators related to the strategy implementation process. Reported barriers were time and staff constraints, resource limitations and lack of…
  15 studies
  GRADE not reported

Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care (e.g., training/education of non-dental primary care professionals, policy/financing and health-insurance changes, colocation of dental and medical services, interprofessional and community-health-worker collaboration, teledentistry, integrated oral health assessment tools, school-based activities) vs No integration / usual care (or pre-integration baseline; many included studies uncontrolled)

Most studies reported improved oral disease outcomes with integration strategies (8 of 9 studies improved, 1 no change; 9 studies, narrative synthesis; ungraded).

• Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care: a systematic review. 2023 All outcomes

  Primary care, community, school, and aged-care/residential/nursing-home settings
  Nine studies reported oral disease outcomes, seven of which measured change in dental caries estimates. Eight of the nine studies reported improved oral disease outcomes; one (Vichayanrat 2012) reported no change in…
  9 studies
  GRADE not reported

ARP with demineralised bone matrix, single particle size vs ARP with demineralised bone matrix, multiple particle size

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  Included study (Hoang 2012) reported there were no adverse effects
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low

ARP with alloplast plus barrier membrane vs ARP with alloplast without membrane

It is very uncertain whether ARP with alloplast plus barrier membrane changes changes in vertical height of alveolar ridge (mm) compared with ARP with alloplast without membrane (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  9 months
  MD 0.38 [0.26, 0.5]
  1 study · 20 participants
  Very low

ARP with alloplast plus barrier membrane vs ARP with alloplast without membrane

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  9 months
  Outcome not reported
  0 studies
  No studies found

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  7 months
  Peri-implant marginal bone level changes obtained after 7 months (Barone 2012); no statistically significant differences between the two groups (Analysis 1.5)
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

It is very uncertain whether ARP with xenograft (bone graft) changes changes in bucco-lingual/palatal width of alveolar ridge (mm) compared with extraction alone (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 36 months
  MD -1.18 [-1.82, -0.54]
  6 studies · 184 participants
  Very low

ARP with alloplast vs Extraction alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  Outcome not reported
  0 studies
  No studies found

ARP with alloplast vs ARP with xenograft

ARP with alloplast showed no clear difference in changes in probing depth (PD) at teeth adjacent to the extraction site compared with ARP with xenograft; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  MD -0.3 [-0.61, 0.01]
  1 study · 25 participants
  GRADE not reported

ARP with allograft (bone graft) vs ARP with xenograft

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  1 trial (Scheyer 2016) reported moderate glazing, redness and oedema, while 2 trials (Santana 2019; Serrano Mendez 2017) reported there were no adverse events
  3 studies · 87 participants
  Low

ARP with allograft (bone graft) vs ARP with xenograft

It is very uncertain whether ARP with allograft changes changes in vertical height of alveolar ridge (mm) compared with ARP with xenograft (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  MD -0.45 [-1.48, 0.58]
  2 studies · 60 participants
  Very low

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 36 months
  Outcome not reported
  0 studies
  No studies found

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

It is very uncertain whether ARP with xenograft (bone graft) changes changes in vertical height of alveolar ridge (mm) compared with extraction alone (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 36 months
  MD -1.35 [-2.0, -0.7]
  6 studies · 184 participants
  Very low

ARP with demineralised bone matrix, single particle size vs ARP with demineralised bone matrix, multiple particle size

It is very uncertain whether ARP with demineralised bone matrix, single particle size changes changes in vertical height of alveolar ridge (mm) compared with ARP with demineralised bone matrix, multiple particle size (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  MD 0.1 [-1.22, 1.42]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low

ARP with alloplast vs Extraction alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  Outcome not reported
  0 studies
  No studies found

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 36 months
  1 trial (Cha 2019) reported delayed healing with partial exposure of the buccal plate at suture removal by 1 participant in the test group; another trial (Festa 2013) reported pain and swelling
  2 studies · 54 participants
  Low

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

It is very uncertain whether ARP with xenograft (bone graft) changes implant failure rate compared with extraction alone (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 to 36 months
  RR 1.0 [0.07, 14.9]
  2 studies · 70 participants
  Very low

ARP with allograft plus synthetic cell-binding peptide P-15 vs ARP with allograft without P-15

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 months
  Outcome not reported
  0 studies
  No studies found