Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

70 questions · 71 findings · 6 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 34 · 47.9%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 22 · 31%Low 12 · 16.9%Moderate 3 · 4.2%High 0 · 0%

Warm pack vs usual care

Caesarean section — not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Warm pack vs usual care

Use of pharmacological pain relief ‐ not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Warm pack vs usual care

Length of labour (hours) · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Very low

Thermal manual methods vs usual care

Pain intensity — first stage of labour · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 96 participants
Very low

Thermal manual methods vs usual care

Sense of control in labour ‐ not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Thermal manual methods vs usual care

Satisfaction with childbirth experience ‐ not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Thermal manual methods vs usual care

Instrumental vaginal birth · women in labour

It is very uncertain whether thermal manual methods changes assisted vaginal birth compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.52 [0.08, 3.54]
1 study · 96 participants
Very low

Thermal manual methods vs usual care

Caesarean section — not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Thermal manual methods vs usual care

Use of pharmacological pain relief ‐ not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Thermal manual methods vs usual care

Length of labour (hours) · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 96 participants
Very low