What do systematic reviews say?

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Gefitinib leads to lower neurotoxicity compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

• Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.07 [0.01, 0.34]
  2 studies · 1529 participants
  High

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor showed no clear difference in overall adverse events compared with crizotinib (moderate certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.98, 1.01]
  5 studies · 1263 participants
  Moderate

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor showed no clear difference in grade 5 adverse events (excluding progressive disease) compared with crizotinib (low certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.49, 1.47]
  5 studies · 1263 participants
  Low

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor probably leads to lower overall survival compared with crizotinib (moderate certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.71 [0.56, 0.9]
  5 studies · 1263 participants
  Moderate

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor probably leads to higher overall response rate compared with crizotinib (moderate certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.18 [1.1, 1.25]
  5 studies · 1229 participants
  Moderate

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

It is very uncertain whether next‐generation ALK inhibitor changes health‐related quality of life: time to deterioration in composite… compared with crizotinib (very low certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.1 [0.72, 1.68]
  1 study · 303 participants
  Very low

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor leads to lower progression‐free survival: overall population compared with crizotinib (high certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.39 [0.32, 0.46]
  5 studies · 1263 participants
  High

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor vs crizotinib

Next‐generation ALK inhibitor leads to lower progression‐free survival in people with central nervous system… compared with crizotinib (high certainty).

• Targeted therapy for advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.25 [0.19, 0.34]
  5 studies · 406 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 54 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 50 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 54 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 54 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 54 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 54 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 50 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 50 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 50 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 50 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Palliative radiotherapy regimens for patients with thoracic symptoms from non‐small cell lung cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 1081 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in year overall survival in patients of poor performance status (WHO… (moderate certainty).

• Palliative radiotherapy regimens for patients with thoracic symptoms from non‐small cell lung cancer 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.91, 1.02]
  7 studies · 911 participants
  Moderate