Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

80 questions · 81 findings · 7 reviews

No studies found 36 · 44.4%GRADE not reported 4 · 4.9%Very low 11 · 13.6%Low 12 · 14.8%Moderate 10 · 12.3%High 8 · 9.9%

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Participants with at least some Side Effects · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes side effects (any reported throughout intervention period) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Maternal clinical malaria or other infection in pregnancy · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… led to lower maternal clinical malaria or other infection in pregnancy compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Birthweight (g) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… showed no clear difference in birthweight (g) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐infant outcomes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… showed no clear difference in premature birth (less than 37 weeks of gestation) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐infant outcomes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Neonatal mortality · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes neonatal death (within 28 days after delivery) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐infant outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Maternal anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L at 37 weeks' gestation or more) (ALL) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes maternal anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L at 37 weeks'… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Maternal iron‐deficiency anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L and at least 1 additional laboratory indicators at 37 weeks' gestation or more) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes maternal iron‐deficiency anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L and… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Maternal death · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… led to lower maternal death (death while pregnant or within 42 days of… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) vs placebo

Adverse effects: intermittent facial skin rash · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) changes adverse effects: intermittent facial skin rash compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Maintenance LTRA vs placebo

Number of participants experiencing one or more episode requiring treatment with oral steroids · episodic viral wheeze in children

Maintenance LTRA showed no clear difference in number of participants experiencing one or more episode requiring… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review