Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

130 questions · 130 findings · 30 reviews · Epilepsy

No studies found 12 · 9.2%GRADE not reported 7 · 5.4%Very low 26 · 20%Low 36 · 27.7%Moderate 40 · 30.8%High 9 · 6.9%

Clobazam vs phenytoin

Time on allocated treatment (retention time) · drug‐naïve people with focal or generalized seizures with solitary cysticercus granuloma

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Clobazam vs phenytoin

Retention [ · drug‐naïve people with focal or generalized seizures with solitary cysticercus granuloma

Clobazam may leads to higher retention at 6 months (measured by the number of treatment failures… compared with phenytoin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Osmotic‐release oral system methylphenidate vs placebo

Proportion of individuals withdrawing from treatment · people with ADHD and epilepsy

Osmotic‐release oral system methylphenidate probably leads to higher proportion of people withdrawing from treatment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) vs risperidone and previous ASM only

Proportion of individuals withdrawing from treatment · people with ADHD and epilepsy

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) showed no clear difference in proportion of individuals withdrawing from treatment compared with risperidone and previous ASM only (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gabapentin vs placebo

50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency Number of seizures · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Gabapentin probably leads to higher reduction in seizure frequency of ≥ 50%: primary analysisNumber of… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gabapentin vs placebo

Adverse effects: ataxia Number of participants experiencing ataxia · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Gabapentin may leads to higher adverse effects: ataxiaNumber of participants experiencing ataxia compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review