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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

102 questions · 102 findings · 15 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 9 · 8.8%GRADE not reported 8 · 7.8%Very low 23 · 22.5%Low 36 · 35.3%Moderate 22 · 21.6%High 4 · 3.9%

Admission cardiotocography vs intermittent auscultation

Rate of caesarean section · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.

Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in incidence of caesarean section compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Admission cardiotocography vs intermittent auscultation

Instrumental vaginal birth · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.

Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in incidence of operative vaginal birth compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Admission cardiotocography vs intermittent auscultation

Perinatal mortality rate (fetal and neonatal deaths excluding lethal congenital anomalies) · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.

Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality rate (fetal and neonatal deaths excluding lethal… compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Admission cardiotocography vs intermittent auscultation

Incidence of continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labour · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.

Admission cardiotocography may leads to higher incidence of continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labour compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Admission cardiotocography vs intermittent auscultation

Incidence and severity of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (incidence only reported) · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.

It is very uncertain whether admission cardiotocography changes incidence and severity of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy… compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Admission cardiotocography vs intermittent auscultation

Neonatal seizures · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.

Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in incidence of seizures in the neonatal period compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review