Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

781 questions · 829 findings · 43 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 215 · 25.9%GRADE not reported 39 · 4.7%Very low 205 · 24.7%Low 208 · 25.1%Moderate 130 · 15.7%High 32 · 3.9%

Intervention not reported

Patients who received HIV testing in STI clinics1 Â · Facilities providing primary health services

The intervention probably leads to higher patients who received HIV testing in STI clinics1 Â (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for integrating primary health services in low‐ and middle‐income countries at the point of delivery 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.23
9080 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

New adult TB patients received HIV counselling in TB clinics2 · Facilities providing primary health services

The intervention leads to higher new adult TB patients received HIV counselling in TB clinics2 (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for integrating primary health services in low‐ and middle‐income countries at the point of delivery 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.69
754 participants
High

Intervention not reported

New adult TB patients received HIV testing in TB clinics2 · Facilities providing primary health services

The intervention leads to higher new adult TB patients received HIV testing in TB clinics2 (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for integrating primary health services in low‐ and middle‐income countries at the point of delivery 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.12
754 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Leon 2010 2. Pope 2008 · Facilities providing primary health services

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies for integrating primary health services in low‐ and middle‐income countries at the point of delivery 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 participants
GRADE not reported

Supervision vs no supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Providers practice · providers

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 134 participants
Low

'Less intense' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

New clients gained by community‐based posts (number per quarter) Daily log completed by the supervisor reporting activities of providers · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 247 participants
Low

'Less intense' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Average number of revisits per quarter (health‐facility‐based posts) Daily log completed by the supervisor reporting activities of providers · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 247 participants
Low

'Less intense' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Average number of revisits per quarter (community‐based posts) Daily log completed by the supervisor reporting activities of providers · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 247 participants
Low

Supervision vs no supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Providers knowledge · providers

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 134 participants
Very low

Supervision vs no supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Drug supply · providers

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 1 participants
Very low

'Enhanced' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Functional status of community health agents (Ayele 1993) · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 102 participants
Very low

'Enhanced' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Overall performance score midwives (Loevinsohn 1995) Scale from: 0 to 60. · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 112 participants
Very low

'Enhanced' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Children receiving recommended or adequate care (Rowe 2009) · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 1 participants
Very low

'Enhanced' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Health worker job satisfaction (Sennun 2006) Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 165. · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 6 participants
Very low

'Enhanced' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

Clients satisfaction (Sennun 2006) Questionnaire. Scale from: 0 to 90. · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 390 participants
Very low

'Less intense' vs routine supervision to improve the quality of primary health care

New clients gained by health facility based posts (number per quarter) Daily log completed by the supervisor reporting activities of providers · providers and users

1 finding from 1 review

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 247 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Yearly number of Philippine nurses migrating to the USA · Nurses in The Philippines

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce emigration of health care professionals from low‐ and middle‐income countries 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Health services utilisation

1 finding from 1 review

The impact of conditional cash transfers on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle income… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Immunisationcoverage

The intervention probably leads to lower immunisationcoverage (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

The impact of conditional cash transfers on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle income… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Health outcomes

1 finding from 1 review

The impact of conditional cash transfers on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle income… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate