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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,327 questions · 2,494 findings · 87 reviews · All outcomes

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No studies found 450 · 18%GRADE not reported 1,487 · 59.6%Very low 385 · 15.4%Low 121 · 4.9%Moderate 50 · 2%High 1 · 0%

Occlusal splint vs No treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo splint)

Range of mandibular motion · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in range of mandibular motion compared with no treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional steroid injections vs Alternative medicinal treatments

Burning sensation (VAS 0-100) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether intralesional steroid injections changes burning sensation (VAS 0-100) compared with alternative medicinal treatments (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intralesional dexamethasone injections vs placebo injection

Burning sensation (VAS 0-100) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether intralesional dexamethasone injections changes burning sensation (VAS 0-100) compared with placebo injections (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Frequency of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes frequency of joint noise compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Range of mandibular motion · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in range of mandibular motion compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs No treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo splint)

Recurrence · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Listed in Summary of findings 1 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison. Recurrence rate was not reported in any included study across the whole review.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Muscle pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes muscle pain at rest compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tongue depressor stretches (physiotherapy) vs Intralesional steroid plus hyaluronidase injections

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether tongue depressor stretches (physiotherapy) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional steroid plus hyaluronidase injections (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment

Difficulty in mouth opening (participant-reported proxy) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) led to lower difficulty in mouth opening (participant-reported proxy) compared with placebo or no active treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment

Difficulty in swallowing (participant-reported proxy) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) led to lower difficulty in swallowing (participant-reported proxy) compared with placebo or no active treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs No treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo splint)

Self-reported joint pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes self-reported joint pain when chewing compared with no treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action

Participant satisfaction or quality of life · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint led to lower participant satisfaction or quality of life compared with another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review