Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,126 questions · 1,225 findings · 111 reviews

No studies found 235 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 260 · 21.2%Very low 207 · 16.9%Low 271 · 22.1%Moderate 177 · 14.4%High 75 · 6.1%

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Symptomatic DVT · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic DVT (proximal or distal) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Symptomatic PE Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic PE Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Major bleeding · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists may leads to higher bleeding ‐ major Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Bleeding ‐ clinically indicated non‐major Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs heparin

Minor bleeding · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in bleeding ‐ minor Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo

Symptomatic VTE · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic VTE (DVT and PE) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo

Symptomatic DVT · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic DVT (proximal or distal) Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo

Symptomatic PE Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days · people requiring prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair

Vitamin K antagonists showed no clear difference in symptomatic PE Treatment duration 28 ‐ 42 days compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs low molecular weight heparin

All‐cause mortality · ambulatory patients with multiple myeloma receiving immunomodulatory agents

It is very uncertain whether vitamin K antagonist (VKA) changes all‐cause mortality compared with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs low molecular weight heparin

Symptomatic DVT · ambulatory patients with multiple myeloma receiving immunomodulatory agents

It is very uncertain whether vitamin K antagonist (VKA) changes symptomatic deep vein thrombosis compared with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs low molecular weight heparin

Pulmonary embolism · ambulatory patients with multiple myeloma receiving immunomodulatory agents

It is very uncertain whether vitamin K antagonist (VKA) changes pulmonary embolism compared with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs low molecular weight heparin

Major bleeding · ambulatory patients with multiple myeloma receiving immunomodulatory agents

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs low molecular weight heparin

Minor bleeding · ambulatory patients with multiple myeloma receiving immunomodulatory agents

It is very uncertain whether vitamin K antagonist (VKA) changes minor bleeding compared with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs no VKA

Symptomatic catheter‐related thrombosis (up to 3 months) · people with cancer with thrombosis prophylaxis and central venous catheters

Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) showed no clear difference in symptomatic catheter‐related thrombosis (up to 3 months) compared with no VKA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs no VKA

Symptomatic catheter‐related thrombosis measured as asymptomatic catheter‐related thrombosis (up to 3 months) · people with cancer with thrombosis prophylaxis and central venous catheters

It is very uncertain whether vitamin K antagonist (VKA) changes symptomatic catheter‐related thrombosis measured as asymptomatic… compared with no VKA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K antagonists vs no VKA

Antibiotic versus heparin only lock/flush solution: catheter‐related infections · people with cancer with thrombosis prophylaxis and central venous catheters

Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) showed no clear difference in catheter‐related infection (3 months) compared with no VKA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review