Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,104 questions · 1,200 findings · 23 reviews · Oral medicine and oral cancer

No studies found 143 · 11.9%GRADE not reported 760 · 63.3%Very low 201 · 16.8%Low 66 · 5.5%Moderate 29 · 2.4%High 1 · 0.1%

Sulodexide (heparin plus dermatan sulphate chains) vs prednisone

Adverse effects · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review

Topical ciclosporin 1.5% gel vs Topical clobetasol propionate 0.025% gel

Partial response (partial or complete response) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

Topical ciclosporin 1.5% gel led to higher partial response (partial or complete response) compared with topical clobetasol propionate 0.025% gel; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Individualised homeopathic medicine (two doses over 24 hours) vs placebo

Mean pain score and mean ulcer size · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review

Clofazimine (100 mg daily for 30 days, then 100 mg every other day) vs placebo

Complete remission (no further aphthous episodes to 6 months) · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
  • One trial at high risk of bias compared clofazimine (n=23) with placebo (n=20). The number of individuals in the clofazimine group who had no further aphthous episodes from beginning treatment until completion at 6…
    1 study · 43 participants
    GRADE not reported

Radix tripterygium hypoglaucum tablet (THT) vs Tripterygium glucosides tablet (TGT)

Physician Global Assessment (cure of erosive lesions, remarkably effective) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

Radix tripterygium hypoglaucum tablet (THT) showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (cure of erosive lesions, remarkably… compared with tripterygium glucosides tablet (TGT); GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

LongoVital (herbal component alone) vs placebo

Number of days of pain (monthly average) · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

LongoVital (herbal component alone) showed no clear difference in number of days of pain (monthly average) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Beclometasone dipropionate (systemic corticosteroid) vs Placebo or no treatment

Outcome not reported · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) vs placebo

'No ulcer' status during last 2 months of treatment · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) led to higher 'No ulcer' status during last 2 months of treatment compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) vs placebo

Number of ulcers at end of 90-day treatment · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) showed no clear difference in number of ulcers at end of 90-day treatment compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine (0.5 mg three times per day) vs Clofazimine (100 mg daily for 30 days, then 100 mg every other day)

Adverse effects · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Clofazimine was associated with an increase in cutaneous adverse effects (Fisher's exact test P=0.015), easily controlled; there was a greater percentage of treatment interruptions in the colchicine group due to…
    1 study · 46 participants
    GRADE not reported

Perilla cooking oil vs Soybean cooking oil

Time to ulcer closure ‐ not reported · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Perilla cooking oil showed no clear difference in average number of days for resolution of ulcers compared with soybean cooking oil; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Leukotriene receptor antagonist vs placebo

Time to resolution of first ulcer (days) · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Montelukast (leukotriene receptor antagonist; 10 mg daily for 1… led to lower time to resolution of first ulcer (days) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Any topical or systemic intervention (topical/systemic steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, retinoids, anti-malarials, biologics, phototherapy, surgery) vs Placebo, no treatment, another active intervention, or a different dose of the same intervention

Reduction in number of flares · People of any age with erosive lichen planus affecting the oral, anogenital, and/or oesophageal regions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

LongoVital (herbal component alone) vs placebo

Mean size of ulcers · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

LongoVital (herbal component alone) showed no clear difference in mean size of ulcers compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

1% pimecrolimus cream vs Placebo (vehicle cream)

Physician Global Assessment (weighted sums of ulceration, erythema, reticulation, mm2) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

1% pimecrolimus cream showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (weighted sums of ulceration, erythema,… compared with placebo (vehicle cream); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review