What do systematic reviews say?

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 or 4 compared with supportive care (low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.39, 2.37]
  2 studies · 486 participants
  Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP probably leads to lower bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks defined as oxygen dependency… compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.8, 0.99]
  3 studies · 2150 participants
  Moderate

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP showed no clear difference in death Death at any time compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.82 [0.66, 1.03]
  3 studies · 2358 participants
  Moderate

CVVHD vs CVVH or CVVHDF

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pre‐dilution vs post‐dilution (as defined by study investigators)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pre‐dilution vs post‐dilution (as defined by study investigators)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pre‐dilution vs post‐dilution (as defined by study investigators)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Higher blood flow vs standard blood flow

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 499 participants
  Low

Higher blood flow vs standard blood flow

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Higher blood flow vs standard blood flow

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Higher blood flow vs standard blood flow

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Long (> 20 cm) vs short (≤ 20 cm) catheter

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 402 participants
  Low

Long (> 20 cm) vs short (≤ 20 cm) catheter

It is very uncertain whether long (> 20 cm) changes death from any cause at day 28 of compared with short (≤ 20 cm) catheter (very low certainty).

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.38 [0.61, 3.11]
  1 study · 94 participants
  Very low

Long (> 20 cm) vs short (≤ 20 cm) catheter

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CVVHD vs CVVH or CVVHDF

It is very uncertain whether CVVHD changes death from any cause compared with CVVH or CVVHDF (very low certainty).

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.77 [0.42, 1.4]
  4 studies · 229 participants
  Very low

Long (> 20 cm) vs short (≤ 20 cm) catheter

Long (> 20 cm) may leads to lower vascular access complications compared with short (≤ 20 cm) catheter (low certainty).

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.38 [0.2, 0.72]
  1 study · 94 participants
  Low

Surface‐modified vs standard catheter

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 262 participants
  Low

Surface‐modified vs standard catheter

It is very uncertain whether surface‐modified changes death from any cause at day 28 of compared with standard double‐lumen catheter with identical geometry and flow design (very low certainty).

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.08 [0.76, 1.53]
  1 study · 236 participants
  Very low

Surface‐modified vs standard catheter

Surface‐modified showed no clear difference in recovery of kidney function compared with standard double‐lumen catheter with identical geometry and flow design (low certainty).

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.7, 1.2]
  1 study · 236 participants
  Low