Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,187 questions · 1,233 findings · 137 reviews

No studies found 190 · 15.4%GRADE not reported 57 · 4.6%Very low 241 · 19.5%Low 323 · 26.2%Moderate 315 · 25.5%High 107 · 8.7%

Betamethasone 12‐hourly vs 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes

Intraventricular haemorrhage · women at risk of preterm birth

It is very uncertain whether betamethasone 12‐hourly changes intraventricular haemorrhage compared with 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone 12‐hourly vs 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes

Chronic lung disease · women at risk of preterm birth

It is very uncertain whether betamethasone 12‐hourly changes chronic lung disease compared with 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone 12‐hourly vs 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes

Necrotising enterocolitis · women at risk of preterm birth

It is very uncertain whether betamethasone 12‐hourly changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dexamethasone vs betamethasone – maternal outcomes

Maternal adverse effects of therapy · women at risk of preterm birth

Dexamethasone showed no clear difference in maternal adverse effects of therapy compared with betamethasone – maternal outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dexamethasone vs betamethasone – child outcomes

Any known death after randomisation (fetal, neonatal, child, child as adult) · women at risk of preterm birth

Dexamethasone showed no clear difference in any known death after randomisation (fetal, neonatal, child, child… compared with betamethasone – fetal/neonatal outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Moderate‐potency vs mild‐potency topical corticosteroid

Clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or marked improvement); short term (earliest time within 1‐5 weeks) · children and adults with mild to severe eczema

Moderate‐potency probably leads to higher clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or… compared with mild‐potency topical corticosteroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Potent vs moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid

Patient‐reported symptoms of eczema · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

Potent may leads to lower patient‐reported symptoms of eczema: PGA; short‐term (week 1) compared with moderate‐potency topical corticosteroid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Very potent vs potent topical corticosteroid

Clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or marked improvement); short term (earliest time point within 1‐2 weeks) · adults with eczema

Very potent showed no clear difference in clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or… compared with potent topical corticosteroid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Very potent vs potent topical corticosteroid

Local adverse events: skin thinning; end of treatment (1 to 3 weeks) · adults with eczema

It is very uncertain whether very potent changes local adverse events: skin thinning; end of treatment (day 11‐day 22) compared with potent topical corticosteroid (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Twice daily or more vs once daily topical corticosteroid

Clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or marked improvement); short term (earliest time point within 1‐4 weeks) · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

Twice daily or more showed no clear difference in clinician‐reported signs of eczema: IGA (number with cleared or… compared with once daily topical corticosteroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Twice daily or more vs once daily topical corticosteroid

Patient‐reported symptoms of eczema · children and adults, most with moderate to severe eczema

Twice daily or more showed no clear difference in patient‐reported symptoms of eczema: PGA (number with cleared or… compared with once daily topical corticosteroid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review