Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,261 questions · 1,287 findings · 210 reviews

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No studies found 256 · 19.9%GRADE not reported 123 · 9.6%Very low 248 · 19.3%Low 403 · 31.3%Moderate 208 · 16.2%High 49 · 3.8%

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain 0 to 6 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 742 participants
High

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Length of hospital stay · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery

Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) showed no clear difference in adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) compared with control or placebo medications (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 345 participants
Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain 0 to 6 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Moderate

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Analgesia requirements · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Analgesic Success · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 52 participants
Very low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Chronic Headache · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 742 participants
High

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Length of hospital stay · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery

Dexmedetomidine showed no clear difference in adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) compared with control or placebo medications (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 261 participants
Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Hypotension · adults undergoing brain surgery

Dexmedetomidine may leads to lower adverse event hypotension (0 to 24 hours) compared with control or placebo medications (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 184 participants
Low

Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain 0 to 6 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 202 participants
Low

Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Very low

Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications

Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 202 participants
Low

Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 202 participants
Low

Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications

Additional analgesia required (escape analgesia) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 234 participants
Low