Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,104 questions · 1,200 findings · 23 reviews · Oral medicine and oral cancer

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No studies found 143 · 11.9%GRADE not reported 760 · 63.3%Very low 201 · 16.8%Low 66 · 5.5%Moderate 29 · 2.4%High 1 · 0.1%

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Neither trial reported usable dry mouth data; Talal 1992: 'patients using the active device experienced relief from six of the most common symptoms of xerostomia secondary to Sjogren's Syndrome, with two of these…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture vs sham

Oral health assessment · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham

Duration of effectiveness · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Oral health assessment · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Quality of life · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

Acupuncture may leads to higher unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with placebo (sham acupuncture) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months (1 year follow-up)
MD 0.06 [0.01, 0.11]
2 studies · 54 participants
Low
Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4-6 weeks)
MD 0.02 [0, 0.04]
3 studies · 71 participants
Low

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Stimulated whole saliva (SWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

It is very uncertain whether electrostimulation (device) changes stimulated whole saliva (SWS) compared with placebo (sham/placebo device) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4 weeks)
MD 0.16 [-0.05, 0.37]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs sham

Stimulated whole saliva (SWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

Acupuncture may leads to higher stimulated whole saliva (SWS) compared with placebo (sham acupuncture) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months (1 year follow-up)
MD 0.28 [0.09, 0.47]
2 studies · 54 participants
Low
Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4-6 weeks)
MD 0.19 [0.07, 0.31]
3 studies · 71 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs sham

Quality of life · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Patient satisfaction with treatment · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Adverse events · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Wong 2003 stated 'no adverse effects were caused by Codetron'; Steller 1988 and Talal 1992 did not mention whether adverse effects occurred
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture vs sham

Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in dry mouth (mouth dryness, different scales) compared with placebo (sham acupuncture) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4-6 weeks)
SMD -0.34 [-0.81, 0.14]
2 studies · 70 participants
Low

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

Powered toothbrush showed no clear difference in unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with manual toothbrush; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
45 minutes after brushing
MD -0.07 [-0.74, 0.60]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture vs sham

Patient satisfaction with treatment · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Stimulated whole saliva (SWS) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

Powered toothbrush showed no clear difference in stimulated whole saliva (SWS) compared with manual toothbrush; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 minutes after brushing
MD -0.13 [-1.92, 1.66]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

It is very uncertain whether electrostimulation (device) changes unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with placebo (sham/placebo device) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4 weeks)
MD 0.02 [-0.12, 0.16]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs sham

Adverse events · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Acupuncture was associated with more adverse effects (tiny bruises and tiredness, mild and temporary); List 1998 noted significant eye discomfort; Pfister 2010 reported temporary increases in pain, minor bruising or…
4 studies
GRADE not reported

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Duration of effectiveness · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Papas 2006 used a VAS to measure mouth dryness but did not report dry mouth outcome data
1 study
GRADE not reported

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs Topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment

Pain reduction (VAS 0-10) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

Topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment showed no clear difference in pain reduction (VAS 0-10) compared with topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD -0.64 [-1.91, 0.63]
1 study · 29 participants
GRADE not reported