Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,361 questions · 1,518 findings · 352 reviews

No studies found 73 · 4.8%GRADE not reported 211 · 13.9%Very low 500 · 32.9%Low 411 · 27.1%Moderate 252 · 16.6%High 71 · 4.7%

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ Ectopic pregnancy Melatonin lower dose versus melatonin higher dose№ of participants: 120(1 RCT) · women with subfertility
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Live birth; type of antioxidant (natural conceptions and undergoing fertility treatments) ‐ Melatonin lower dose versus melatonin higher dose№ of participants: 140(2 RCTs) · women with subfertility

The intervention showed no clear difference in live birth; type of antioxidant (natural conceptions and undergoing… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Clinical pregnancy; type of antioxidant (natural conceptions and undergoing fertility treatments) ‐ Melatonin lower dose versus melatonin higher dose№ of participants: 140(2 RCTs) · women with subfertility

The intervention showed no clear difference in clinical pregnancy; type of antioxidant (natural conceptions and… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LNG‐IUS vs oral progestogen (norethisterone acetate)

Change in haemoglobin level from baseline · women with uterine fibroids
2 findings from 1 review

Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · adults with chronic low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether therapeutic ultrasound changes pain intensity Scale: VAS (100‐point scale; higher scores mean… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic ultrasound plus exercise vs exercise

Well‐being Scale: general health subscale of SF‐36 (higher scores mean worse well‐being) · adults with chronic low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether therapeutic ultrasound plus exercise changes well‐being Scale: general health subscale of SF‐36 (higher scores… compared with exercise alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo

Back‐specific functional status · adults with chronic low‐back pain

Therapeutic ultrasound showed no clear difference in back‐specific functional status Scale: Functional Rating Index,… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo

Well‐being Scale: general health subscale of SF‐36 (higher scores mean worse well‐being) · adults with chronic low‐back pain

Therapeutic ultrasound showed no clear difference in well‐being Scale: general health subscale of SF‐36 (higher scores… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic ultrasound plus exercise vs exercise

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · adults with chronic low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether therapeutic ultrasound plus exercise changes pain intensity Scale: VAS (100‐point scale; higher scores mean… compared with exercise alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs no treatment or treatment

Victim empathy: attitudes to women Measured by: Attitude Towards Women Scale (15 items; scores range from 0 to 45; higher scores indicate more egalitarian attitudes towards women) · young people (aged 10 to 18 years old) with harmful sexual behaviour
1 finding from 1 review