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Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

Comparison

Outcome

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Review versions

1,886 questions in 74 reviews · Skin

current versions

No studies 542 · 28.7%Ungraded 130 · 6.9%Very low 326 · 17.3%Low 434 · 23%Moderate 348 · 18.5%High 106 · 5.6%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Doxycycline 40 mg + metronidazole 1% gel vs doxycycline 100 mg + metronidazole 1% gel Time needed until improvement of the skin lesions · Participants with rosacea Interventions for rosacea (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 91 participants	Low
Doxycycline 40 mg + metronidazole 1% gel vs doxycycline 100 mg + metronidazole 1% gel Duration of remission ‐ not measured · Participants with rosacea Interventions for rosacea (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Doxycycline 40 mg + azelaic acid gel vs doxycycline 40 mg + metronidazole gel HRQOL ‐ not measured · Participants with rosacea Interventions for rosacea (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Doxycycline 40 mg + azelaic acid gel vs doxycycline 40 mg + metronidazole gel Participant‐assessed improvement in rosacea severity Excellent improvement on a 4‐point Likert scale · Participants with rosacea Interventions for rosacea (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.05 [0.79, 1.4]	1 study · 207 participants	High
Doxycycline 40 mg + azelaic acid gel vs doxycycline 40 mg + metronidazole gel Proportion of participants with adverse event · Participants with rosacea Interventions for rosacea (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.27 [0.06, 1.28]	1 study · 207 participants	High
Topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Mode of delivery (risk for either assisted or cesarean delivery) · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.04	9904 participants	Low
Mild/moderate topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Low birth weight · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.9	55713 participants	Low
Mild/moderate topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Preterm delivery · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.88	55713 participants	Low
Mild/moderate topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Foetal death · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.7	48749 participants	Low
Mild/moderate topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Low Apgar score · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.73	8756 participants	Low
Potent/very potent topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Congenital abnormality · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.56	9342 participants	Low
Potent/very potent topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Orofacial cleft · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.5	36348 participants	Low
Potent/very potent topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Low birth weight · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.58	47651 participants	Low
Potent/very potent topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Preterm delivery · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.05	47651 participants	Low
Potent/very potent topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Foetal death · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.14	37086 participants	Low
Potent/very potent topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Low Apgar score · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.03	7514 participants	Low
Topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Congenital abnormality · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.82	9433 participants	Low
Topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Orofacial cleft · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.12	40605 participants	Low
Topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Low birth weight · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.08	59419 participants	Very low
Topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Preterm delivery · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.93	59419 participants	Low
Topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Foetal death · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.02	63885 participants	Very low
Topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Low Apgar score · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.84	9220 participants	Low
Mild/moderate topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Congenital abnormality · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.93	9263 participants	Low
Mild/moderate topical corticosteroids vs no topical corticosteroids Orofacial cleft · pregnant women Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.95	38446 participants	Low
Ketoconazole vs placebo Failure to achieve complete resolution Clinical assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.69 [0.59, 0.81]	8 studies · 2520 participants	Low
Ciclopirox vs placebo Side effects (combined for face and scalp) Self reported · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.9 [0.72, 1.11]	4 studies · 908 participants	Moderate
Ketoconazole vs placebo Side effects Self report · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.97 [0.58, 1.64]	6 studies · 988 participants	Very low
Ketoconazole vs steroids Failure to achieve complete resolution (combined for face and scalp) Clinical assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.17 [0.95, 1.44]	6 studies · 302 participants	Low
Ketoconazole vs steroids Failure to achieve complete resolution (long term, combined for face and scalp) Clinical assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 80 participants	Very low
Ketoconazole vs steroids Side effects (combined for face and scalp) Self report · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.56 [0.32, 0.96]	8 studies · 596 participants	Moderate
Ketoconazole vs ciclopirox Failure to achieve complete resolution ‐ Face only Clinical assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.09 [0.95, 1.26]	3 studies · 447 participants	Low
Ketoconazole vs ciclopirox Failure to achieve complete resolution (long term) ‐ Face only Clinical assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.16 [0.98, 1.38]	2 studies · 339 participants	Low
Ketoconazole vs ciclopirox Side effects ‐ Scalp only Self reported · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.35 [0.54, 3.38]	2 studies · 603 participants	Very low
Ciclopirox vs placebo Failure to achieve complete resolution (combined for face and scalp) Clinical assessment · patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis Topical antifungals for seborrhoeic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.79 [0.67, 0.94]	8 studies · 1525 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Clinician‐assessed global eczema severity using a named scale (Leicester Sign Score) · children and adults with eczema with proven sensitivity to house dust mite House dust mite reduction and avoidance measures for treating eczema (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 86 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Clinician‐assessed global eczema severity using a named scale (SASSAD) · children and adults with eczema with proven sensitivity to house dust mite House dust mite reduction and avoidance measures for treating eczema (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 60 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Clinician‐assessed global eczema severity using a named scale (SCORAD) · children and adults with eczema with proven sensitivity to house dust mite House dust mite reduction and avoidance measures for treating eczema (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 61 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Participant‐ or caregiver‐assessed eczema‐related quality of life (named instrument) · children and adults with eczema with proven sensitivity to house dust mite House dust mite reduction and avoidance measures for treating eczema (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Low‐glycaemic‐load diet vs high‐glycaemic‐load diet Primary outcome: change in non‐inflammatory lesion count (medium‐term data) · people with acne vulgaris Complementary therapies for acne vulgaris (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 75 participants	Low
Herbal medicine vs antibiotics Secondary outcome: number of participants with remission (ITT‐best case, short‐term data) ‐ Ziyin‐Qinggan‐Xiaocuo Granule versus minocycline (at 4 week) · people with acne vulgaris Complementary therapies for acne vulgaris (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.82 [0.88, 9.06]	2 studies · 206 participants	Low
Herbal medicine vs antibiotics Secondary outcome: number of participants with remission (ITT‐worst case, short‐term data) ‐ Ziyin‐Qinggan‐Xiaocuo Granule versus minocycline (at 4 week) · people with acne vulgaris Complementary therapies for acne vulgaris (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.49 [0.09, 2.53]	2 studies · 206 participants	Low
Tacrolimus 0.1% vs corticosteroids Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent ‐ tacrolimus 0.1% versus hydrocortisone acetate 0.1%: 3 weeks · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 3.09 [2.14, 4.45]	1 study · 371 participants	Moderate
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent ‐ tacrolimus 0.03% 1x/day versus hydrocortisone acetate 1% 2x/day · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.05 [1.36, 3.08]	1 study · 411 participants	Moderate
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent ‐ tacrolimus 0.03% 2x/day versus hydrocortisone acetate 1% 2x/day · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.58 [1.96, 3.38]	2 studies · 790 participants	Moderate
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent ‐ tacrolimus 0.03% 2x/day versus corticosteroids moderate‐potency 2x/day · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.45 [0.13, 1.57]	2 studies · 409 participants	Very low
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent ‐ tacrolimus 0.03% 2x/day versus methylprednisolone 0.03% 1x/day · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1 [0.85, 1.19]	1 study · 265 participants	Low
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids Adverse effects: burning ‐ tacrolimus 0.03% versus steroids · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	2.48 [1.96, 3.14]	5 studies · 1883 participants	High
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids Participant's self‐assessment of global response of improvement: tacrolimus 0.03% 2x/day versus hydrocortisone acetate 1% 2x/day · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.64 [1.41, 1.9]	1 study · 416 participants	Moderate
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs tacrolimus 0.1% Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.82 [0.72, 0.92]	6 studies · 1640 participants	High
Tacrolimus 0.03% vs tacrolimus 0.1% Adverse effects · people with atopic dermatitis Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.95 [0.86, 1.06]	4 studies · 986 participants	Moderate