Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

83 questions · 90 findings · 12 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 5 · 5.6%GRADE not reported 1 · 1.1%Very low 16 · 17.8%Low 40 · 44.4%Moderate 25 · 27.8%High 3 · 3.3%

Pulmonary rehabilitation plus inspiratory muscle training vs pulmonary rehabilitation alone

Health‐related quality of life · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2 findings from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 908 participants
Low
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 657 participants
Very low

Pulmonary rehabilitation plus inspiratory muscle training vs pulmonary rehabilitation alone

Inspiratory muscle strength · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
17 studies · 1329 participants
Moderate

Pulmonary rehabilitation vs no intervention

Change in time in MVPA · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 190 participants
Low

Pulmonary rehabilitation vs no intervention

Time in MVPA · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate

Pulmonary rehabilitation vs no intervention

Time in moderate‐intensity physical activity · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 97 participants
Moderate

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Exercise endurance Duration of constant work rate exercise test on treadmill · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Change in 6‐minute walking distance · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Dyspnoea during treadmill walking Borg scale at isotime during constant work rate treadmill test Scale ranges from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Change in dyspnoea score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Health‐related quality of life (Change in CRQ Dyspnoea) CRQ · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 73 participants
Moderate

Pursed lip breathing vs expiratory muscle training

Dyspnoea during exercise Modified Borg dyspnoea score at end of 6‐minute walk test Scores range from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Low

Pursed lip breathing vs expiratory muscle training

Dyspnea · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Asthma symptoms measured using various techniques. · patients with asthma aged eight years or older

1 finding from 1 review

Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 315 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Quality of life Measured using various scales. · patients with asthma aged eight years or older

1 finding from 1 review

Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 212 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Exercise tolerance Measured using 6MWD · patients with asthma aged eight years or older

1 finding from 1 review

Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

PEFR L/min · patients with asthma aged eight years or older

1 finding from 1 review

Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 77 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

VEmax · patients with asthma aged eight years or older

1 finding from 1 review

Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 200 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

VOmax · patients with asthma aged eight years or older

1 finding from 1 review

Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 267 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

HRmax bpm · patients with asthma aged eight years or older

1 finding from 1 review

Physical training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 34 participants
Low

Summary of findings (water exercise vs no exercise

Change in 6‐minute walking distance · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
99 participants
Moderate