Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

110 questions · 115 findings · 14 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 3 · 2.6%GRADE not reported 1 · 0.9%Very low 4 · 3.5%Low 42 · 36.5%Moderate 54 · 47%High 11 · 9.6%

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

PAP · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 61 participants
Moderate

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Cardiac index · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

PVR · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

RAP · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Improvement in WHO functional class · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i probably leads to lower improvement in WHO functional class compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.53 [0.32, 0.87]
3 studies · 285 participants
Moderate

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Six‐minute walk distance · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 284 participants
Moderate

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.27 [0.28, 5.8]
3 studies · 286 participants
Moderate

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Quality of life · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 52 participants
Low

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

PAP · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 130 participants
Moderate

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Cardiac index · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 96 participants
Moderate

Selexipag vs placebo

mPAP (the higher the mPAP, the worse the pulmonary hypertension) · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 43 participants
Moderate

Selexipag vs placebo

PVR · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 43 participants
Moderate

Selexipag vs placebo

Cardiac index · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 43 participants
Moderate

Selexipag vs placebo

RAP · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 43 participants
Moderate

Prostacyclin vs control

mPAP (the higher the mPAP, the worse the pulmonary hypertension) · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 1132 participants
Low

Prostacyclin vs control

PVR · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 658 participants
Moderate

Prostacyclin vs control

Cardiac index · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 868 participants
Low

Prostacyclin vs control

RAP · pulmonary arterial hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Prostacyclin for pulmonary arterial hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 1060 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Time in moderate‐intensity physical activity · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 35 participants
Low

Pulmonary rehabilitation vs no intervention

Time in moderate‐intensity physical activity · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 97 participants
Moderate