Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

70 questions · 81 findings · 11 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 3 · 3.7%GRADE not reported 5 · 6.2%Very low 17 · 21%Low 30 · 37%Moderate 24 · 29.6%High 2 · 2.5%

Intervention not reported

Proportion of patients with COPD referred to, participating in or having completed pulmonary rehabilitation · health professionals managing COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Educational interventions for health professionals managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 625 participants
Low

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Dyspnoea ‐ CRQ dyspnoea Scale 1 to 7. Higher is better and 0.5 units is a clinically important difference · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 studies · 1283 participants
Moderate

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Change in SGRQ total score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 studies · 1146 participants
Moderate

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Change in incremental shuttle walk distance · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 694 participants
Moderate

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Change from baseline in 6MWT (metres) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
38 studies · 1879 participants
Very low

Rehabilitation interventions vs usual care

Exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 779 participants
Low

Telerehabilitation vs centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation

Exercise capacity · Chronic respiratory disease

Telerehabilitation showed no clear difference in exercise capacity ‐6MWD (m) compared with centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.06
4 studies · 556 participants
Moderate

Telerehabilitation vs centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation

Dyspnea · Chronic respiratory disease

Telerehabilitation showed no clear difference in breathlessness ‐ CRQ dyspnoea domain compared with centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.13
3 studies · 394 participants
Low

Telerehabilitation vs centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation

SGRQ Total SGRQ (Total) Score. Scale from: 0 to 100. Lower score indicates better quality of life. · Chronic respiratory disease

Telerehabilitation showed no clear difference in quality of life ‐ SGRQ compared with centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 274 participants
Low

Telerehabilitation vs centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation

Quality of life ‐ CAT · Chronic respiratory disease

Telerehabilitation showed no clear difference in quality of life ‐ CAT compared with centre‐based (outpatient) pulmonary rehabilitation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 1.37
2 studies · 224 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs control

Cardiopulmonary haemodynamics (mPAP) mmHg · people with pulmonary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 133 participants
Low

Exercise vs control

Exercise capacity · people with pulmonary hypertension

2 findings from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 418 participants
Low
Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 314 participants
Low

Exercise vs control

Exercise capacity: peak power watts · people with pulmonary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 226 participants
Low

Exercise vs control

Serious adverse events · people with pulmonary hypertension

Exercise showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RD 0
11 studies · 439 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs control

HRQoL SF‐36: PCS units · people with pulmonary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 187 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs control

HRQoL SF‐36: MCS units · people with pulmonary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 186 participants
Moderate

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Functional exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 501 participants
Moderate

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Health‐related quality of life · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2 findings from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 182 participants
Very low
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 86 participants
Moderate

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Inspiratory muscle strength · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
32 studies · 916 participants
Low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Dyspnea · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

3 findings from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 144 participants
Very low
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 238 participants
Very low
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 150 participants
Low