Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

71 questions · 71 findings · 8 reviews

No studies found 16 · 22.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 33 · 46.5%Low 14 · 19.7%Moderate 7 · 9.9%High 1 · 1.4%

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Need for mechanical ventilation · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes requirement of mechanical ventilation compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post‐discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post discharge compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal loading dose of ASM · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital probably leads to higher proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the maximal… compared with levetiracetam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Need for mechanical ventilation · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes requirement of mechanical ventilation compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post‐discharge · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop epilepsy post‐discharge compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first loading dose of ASM · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after first… compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal loading dose of ASM · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal… compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (cardiac) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (cardiac) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Gastrointestinal adverse events · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (gastrointestinal) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (bones and muscles) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (bones and muscles) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (others) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (others) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Treatment withdrawal · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in treatment withdrawal compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Seizure freedom · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in seizure freedom compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (general symptoms) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (general symptoms) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (central nervous system) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (central nervous system) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review