Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

168 questions · 168 findings · 19 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 47 · 28%GRADE not reported 7 · 4.2%Very low 53 · 31.5%Low 41 · 24.4%Moderate 14 · 8.3%High 6 · 3.6%

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (PFMT + penile vibration pre and post‐operation versus PFMT pre and post‐operation)

Number of incontinent men ‐ after 12 months · All men after radical prostatectomy

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment showed no clear difference in number of incontinent men after 12 months compared with another active treatment (PFMT + penile vibration pre and… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of UI after radical: combinations of treatments vs no treatment

Number of incontinent men ‐ within 3 to 6 months · Patients with postprostatectomy UI

It is very uncertain whether treatment of UI after radical: combinations of treatments changes number of incontinent men with 3 to 6 months compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of UI after radical: combinations of treatments vs no treatment

Adverse events ‐ PFMT + anal EStim + BFB · Patients with postprostatectomy UI

Treatment of UI after radical: combinations of treatments showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ PFMT + anal EStim + BFB compared with no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of UI after radical: electric or magnetic energy vs no treatment

Number of incontinent men ‐ after 12 months · Patients with postprostatectomy UI

Treatment of UI after radical: electric or magnetic energy probably leads to lower number of incontinent men ‐ after 12 months compared with no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review