Respiratory infections (as measured by trialists) (only in children 2 to 11 years of age) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause death (only in children 2 to 11 years of age) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age
1 finding from 1 review
Infection or inflammation at individual level as measured by C‐reactive protein (CRP) (only in children 2 to 11 years of age) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age
1 finding from 1 review
Death (between ages 1 and 6 years) · public health programmes to regularly treat all children aged 16 years or less
Multiple doses of deworming drugs showed no clear difference in mortality (between ages 1 and 6 years) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
CIN3+ associated with HPV16/18 (age 15 to 26 years) · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years who were HPV16/18 negative before vaccination
The intervention leads to lower CIN3+ associated with HPV16/18 (age 15 to 26 years) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
AIS associated with HPV16/18 or 6/11/16/18 (age 15 to 26 years) · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years who were HPV16/18 negative before vaccination
The intervention probably leads to lower AIS associated with HPV16/18 or 6/11/16/18 (age 15 to 26 years) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any CIN2+ irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years) · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years who were HPV16/18 negative before vaccination
The intervention leads to lower any CIN2+ irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any CIN3+ irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years) · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years regardless of HPV DNA status at baseline
The intervention probably leads to lower any CIN3+ irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any CIN3+ irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years), · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years regardless of HPV DNA status at baseline
The intervention leads to lower any CIN3+ irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years), (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any AIS irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years) · adolescent girls and women aged 15 to 45 years regardless of HPV DNA status at baseline
The intervention leads to lower any AIS irrespective of HPV type (age 15 to 26 years) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Acceptability · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Reported narratively in 1 study (Feldmann 2007): limitations in daily life and jaw function were low to moderate throughout the trial with no differences between anchorage groups; impact on mood and appearance peaked…
1 study · 113 participants
GRADE not reported
Adverse events · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Mesiodistal movement of the upper first permanent molar · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) probably leads to lower mesiodistal movement of the upper first permanent molar compared with conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Residual overjet at the end of treatment · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Patient discomfort · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Reported narratively in 2 studies (Chesterfield 2007, 47 patients; Feldmann 2007, 113 patients) on a VAS 0-100; discomfort most severe the evening after surgery (Nobel-Biocare onplant median 33, IQR 0-96) and after…
2 studies · 160 participants
GRADE not reported
Duration of overall treatment · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) showed no clear difference in duration of overall treatment compared with conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of space closure · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) showed no clear difference in duration of space closure compared with conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Number of visits · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) led to higher number of visits compared with conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Patient perception: pain · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Reported narratively in 1 study (Feldmann 2007) on a VAS 0-100; the first evening after the intervention pain was significantly higher for surgical group A (P=0.002) and conventional group C (P=0.007) than surgical…
1 study · 113 participants
GRADE not reported
Economic factors · Patients of any age undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and requiring anchorage (adolescents to adults up to 48-54 years)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review