Incontinence‐specific quality of life · pregnant women who were continent when randomised
Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in urinary incontinence‐specific quality of life (ICIQ‐SF)Scale from: 0… compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Faecal incontinence‐specific quality of life · pregnant women who were continent when randomised
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · pregnant women who were continent when randomised
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Emotional and behavioural problems (parent report) Scales used: BSI‐II, BSQ, CAPES, CBCL, CBQ postintervention · young children
Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in emotional and behavioural problems (parent report) Scales used:… compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Externalising problems (parent report) Scales used: CBCL, ECBI postintervention · young children
Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in externalising problems (parent report) Scales used: CBCL, ECBI… compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Externalising problems ‐ hyperactivity‐inattention (parent report) Scales used: HSQ postintervention · young children
It is very uncertain whether group‐based parent training programmes changes externalising problems ‐ hyperactivity‐inattention (parent report)… compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Internalising problems (parent report) Scale used: CAPES postintervention · young children
Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in internalising problems (parent report) Scale used: CAPES… compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Social skills (parent report) Scale used: VABS postintervention · young children
It is very uncertain whether group‐based parent training programmes changes social skills (parent report) Scale used: VABS postintervention compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Parent‐child interaction ‐ negative behaviour (observer report) Scales used: DPICS, IBCS postintervention · young children
Group‐based parent training programmes showed no clear difference in parent‐child interaction ‐ negative behaviour (observer report)… compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Parent‐child interaction ‐ positive behaviour (observer report) Scales used: Attachment Q‐set, DPICS postintervention · young children
Group‐based parent training programmes probably leads to higher parent‐child interaction ‐ positive behaviour (observer report)… compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postoperative atelectasis original authors’ definitions · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
Preoperative inspiratory muscle training may leads to lower postoperative atelectasis original authors’ definitions compared with usual care, non‐exercise intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postoperative pneumonia original authors’ definitions · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
Preoperative inspiratory muscle training probably leads to lower postoperative pneumonia original authors’ definitions compared with usual care, non‐exercise intervention (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mechanical ventilation > 48 hours · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether preoperative inspiratory muscle training changes mechanical ventilation > 48 hours compared with usual care, non‐exercise intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality In the early postoperative period (≤ 30 days) · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether preoperative inspiratory muscle training changes all‐cause mortality within 30 days during postoperative period compared with usual care, non‐exercise intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Length of hospital stay · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Subjective measures – · people with attention deficits following stroke
2 findings from 1 review
Objective global measures · people with attention deficits following stroke
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Alertness · people with attention deficits following stroke
2 findings from 1 review
Selective attention – · people with attention deficits following stroke
2 findings from 1 review