Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,692 questions · 2,586 findings · 180 reviews · Dental caries

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No studies found 194 · 7.5%GRADE not reported 1,937 · 74.9%Very low 248 · 9.6%Low 136 · 5.3%Moderate 52 · 2%High 19 · 0.7%

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open margin

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Medium
RR 3.49 [1.30, 9.36]
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 2: loss of dental hard substance adjacent to the restoration

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 2: loss…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Very high
RR 4.07 [2.85, 5.81]
10 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 3: secondary caries

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 3:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Continent: Africa
RR 11.43 [7.88, 16.56]
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7: non-stable (mobile) restoration

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Continent: Europe
RR 47.19 [16.50, 134.95]
6 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7: non-stable (mobile) restoration

The intervention led to higher composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Continent: Europe
RR 33.41 [10.33, 108.04]
6 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8: disruption of occlusal integrity

The intervention showed no clear difference in composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Continent: South America
RR 0.46 [0.09, 2.23]
2 studies
GRADE not reported

HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy, >=3 drugs) vs HIV-positive not receiving HAART (standard ART or HAART-naive)

Dental caries · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

Among HIV+ children, HAART versus no HAART showed no significant difference in the odds of dental caries by DMFT in cross-sectional studies (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.59 to 2.84; ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review

Association between antiretroviral therapy and dental caries in children and adolescents with HIV: a systematic review… 2025 All outcomes
Not specified (cross-sectional) · Dental examination of children/adolescents with HIV in clinic and community settings; low- and middle-income countries (Brazil, India, Nigeria, Cambodia, Uganda, West Africa) · Cross-sectional studies; DMFT index
OR 1.29 [0.59, 2.84]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Association between antiretroviral therapy and dental caries in children and adolescents with HIV: a systematic review… 2025 All outcomes
Not specified (cross-sectional) · Dental examination of children/adolescents with HIV in clinic and community settings; low- and middle-income countries (Brazil, India, Nigeria, Cambodia, Uganda, West Africa) · Cross-sectional studies; deft index
OR 1.09 [0.65, 1.82]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 1: partial loss or fracture of the restoration

The intervention showed no clear difference in composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 1:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Very high
RR 0.79 [0.53, 1.18]
10 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open margin

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Very high
RR 5.19 [3.39, 7.94]
10 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8: disruption of occlusal integrity

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Continent: Asia
RR 1.50 [1.08, 2.08]
11 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 1: partial loss or fracture of the restoration

The intervention showed no clear difference in composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 1:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Continent: Asia
RR 0.78 [0.56, 1.10]
11 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8: disruption of occlusal integrity

The intervention led to lower composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Very high
RR 0.40 [0.27, 0.59]
10 studies
GRADE not reported

Replacement of the defective restoration vs Repair of the defective restoration

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 1: partial loss or fracture of the restoration · Dentists managing a defective direct resin composite restoration (posterior occlusal Class I; standardized vignette of a 30-year-old,…

For a defective composite restoration with partial loss or fracture of the restoration, surveyed dentists most often preferred repair over replacement (pooled RR 0.72; p = 0.002); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Not applicable (single time-point survey, June to October 2023) · Multinational (21 countries across Africa, Asia, Europe, South America); general dental practice · Overall (all 21 countries pooled)
RR 0.72 [0.58, 0.89]
21 studies · 3680 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 6: superficial discoloration

The intervention led to lower composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 6:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Continent: Africa
RR 0.31 [0.18, 0.51]
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 2: loss of dental hard substance adjacent to the restoration

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 2: loss…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Coverage: Covering cost of minimally invasive treatment
RR 5.97 [4.09, 8.70]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7: non-stable (mobile) restoration

The intervention led to higher composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: High
RR 11.31 [6.70, 19.08]
7 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open margin

The intervention showed no clear difference in composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Medium
RR 1.90 [0.78, 4.64]
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open margin

The intervention led to higher composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 5: open…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
Coverage: Covering cost of minimally invasive treatment
RR 3.09 [1.65, 5.79]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7: non-stable (mobile) restoration

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Low
RR 25.94 [1.88, 358.26]
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8: disruption of occlusal integrity

The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 8:…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Decision-Making of Repair vs. Replacement of Defective Direct Dental Restorations: A Multinational… 2025 All outcomes
HDI: Very high
RR 1.87 [1.32, 2.64]
10 studies
GRADE not reported