Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,938 questions · 2,020 findings · 107 reviews

No studies found 570 · 28.2%GRADE not reported 266 · 13.2%Very low 578 · 28.6%Low 462 · 22.9%Moderate 118 · 5.8%High 26 · 1.3%

Topical anesthetics vs placebo or no intervention

Episodes of apnea · lumbar puncture in newborn infants

It is very uncertain whether topical anesthetics changes apnea: occurrence of one or more episodes№ of LPs: 100(1 quasi‐RCT) compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review