Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,776 questions · 7,311 findings · 959 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1,498 · 20.5%GRADE not reported 303 · 4.1%Very low 1,839 · 25.2%Low 1,991 · 27.2%Moderate 1,277 · 17.5%High 403 · 5.5%

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Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo

Serious adverse events · acute gout

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 133 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo

Total adverse events · acute gout

Low‐dose colchicine showed no clear difference in total adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [0.68, 2.56]
1 study · 103 participants
Low

Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · acute gout

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine for acute gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 133 participants
GRADE not reported

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Outcomes (measurement/time point) · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Neurological impairment · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Ipsilateral major or disabling stroke · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

Lipid‐lowering agent showed no clear difference in ipsilateral major or disabling stroke (only reported for two… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.36 [0.09, 1.53]
5 studies · 2235 participants
Low

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Stroke‐related mortality · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

Lipid‐lowering agent showed no clear difference in stroke‐related mortality (only reported for one study: CT scan, MRI… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.25 [0.03, 2.29]
2 studies · 1366 participants
Low

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Major bleeding · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Progression of carotid stenosis · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events (hospital records/every 6 weeks) · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

Lipid‐lowering agent showed no clear difference in adverse events (only reported for two studies: one study used CT… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.76 [0.53, 1.1]
7 studies · 3726 participants
Low

Lipid‐lowering agent vs placebo or no treatment

Quality of life · asymptomatic carotid stenosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawalfin the medium termb compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 112 participants
Low

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Serious adverse eventsg · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsg compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.25 [0.03, 2.17]
1 study · 112 participants
Low

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Adverse events · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.67, 1.06]
1 study · 112 participants
Low

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the medium termb · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine may leads to lower laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements… compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.53, 0.89]
1 study · 111 participants
Low

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel status at the end of trial · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Swallowed fluticasone vs prednisone

Clinical improvement (dichotomous) · active EoE pediatric patients

It is very uncertain whether swallowed fluticasone changes clinical improvement at 4 weeks (dichotomous) compared with oral prednisone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.9, 1.33]
1 study · 80 participants
Very low

Swallowed fluticasone vs prednisone

Clinical improvement (continuous) · active EoE pediatric patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Swallowed fluticasone vs prednisone

Histological improvement at 4 weeks (dichotomous) · active EoE pediatric patients

It is very uncertain whether swallowed fluticasone changes histological improvement at 4 weeks (dichotomous) compared with oral prednisone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.1 [0.87, 1.38]
1 study · 80 participants
Very low