Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

831 questions · 877 findings · 52 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care

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No studies found 288 · 32.8%GRADE not reported 30 · 3.4%Very low 210 · 23.9%Low 214 · 24.4%Moderate 97 · 11.1%High 38 · 4.3%

Intervention not reported

Minor maternal morbidity · nurses, midwives, physicians

The intervention showed no clear difference in minor maternal morbidity (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RD 0.3
Studies not reported
High

Intervention not reported

Major neonatal morbidity · nurses, midwives, physicians

The intervention showed no clear difference in major neonatal morbidity (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Intervention not reported

Minor neonatal morbidity · nurses, midwives, physicians

The intervention showed no clear difference in minor neonatal morbidity (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Intervention not reported

Intrapartum and neonatal deaths · nurses, midwives, physicians

The intervention showed no clear difference in intrapartum and neonatal deaths (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Intervention not reported

Caesarean section – unscheduled · nurses, midwives, physicians

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Intervention not reported

Maternal mortality or morbidity · nurses, midwives, physicians

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Caesarean section · nurses, midwives, physicians

The intervention showed no clear difference in caesarean section (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.29 [0.99, 1.67]
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Instrumental vaginal birth · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Neonatal mortality or morbidity · nurses, midwives, physicians

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Primary outcome measure

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Caesarean section

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Spontaneous vaginal birth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Instrumental vaginal birth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Maternal mortality or morbidity

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Neonatal mortality or morbidity

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Primary caesarean section

The intervention may leads to lower primary caesarean section (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.56
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

VBAC

The intervention may leads to higher VBAC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.03
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Maternal mortality

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Maternal mortality or morbidity · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Maternal morbidity

The intervention showed no clear difference in maternal morbidity (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.07 [0.88, 1.3]
Studies not reported
Low