Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,377 questions · 1,433 findings · 149 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 326 · 22.7%GRADE not reported 87 · 6.1%Very low 440 · 30.7%Low 364 · 25.4%Moderate 190 · 13.3%High 26 · 1.8%

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Faecal incontinence in late pregnancy · pregnant women, some of who were incontinent symptoms and some who were not when randomised

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in faecal incontinence in late pregnancy compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Incontinence‐specific quality of life · pregnant women, some of who were incontinent symptoms and some who were not when randomised

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in urinary incontinence‐specific quality of life (ICIQ‐SF)Scale from: 0… compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Faecal incontinence‐specific quality of life · pregnant women, some of who were incontinent symptoms and some who were not when randomised

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in faecal incontinence‐specific quality of life (CRAIQ‐7) compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Urinary incontinence late postnatal period (> 6‐12 months) · postnatal women who were incontinent when randomised

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in urinary incontinence late postnatal period(> 6 to 12 months) compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Faecal incontinence late postnatal period (> 6‐12 months) · postnatal women who were incontinent when randomised

It is very uncertain whether postnatal pelvic floor muscle training changes faecal incontinence late postnatal period(> 6 to 12 months) compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Urinary incontinence late postnatal period (> 6‐12 months) · pregnant women who were continent when randomised

Antenatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in urinary incontinence late postnatal period(> 6 to 12 months) compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Incontinence‐specific quality of life · postnatal women who were incontinent when randomised

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in urinary incontinence‐specific quality of life(BFLUTS) compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Urinary incontinence late postnatal period (> 6‐12 months) · postnatal women some of whom had incontinent symptoms and some of whom had not when randomised

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in urinary incontinence late postnatal period(> 6 to 12 months) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Faecal incontinence late postnatal period (> 6‐12 months) · postnatal women some of whom had incontinent symptoms and some of whom had not when randomised

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in faecal incontinence late postnatal period(> 6 to 12 months) compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training vs control

Incontinence‐specific quality of life · postnatal women some of whom had incontinent symptoms and some of whom had not when randomised

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training showed no clear difference in urinary incontinence‐specific quality of life (IIQ‐7)Scale from: 0… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review