Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

618 questions · 646 findings · 79 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 73 · 11.3%GRADE not reported 29 · 4.5%Very low 145 · 22.4%Low 177 · 27.4%Moderate 173 · 26.8%High 49 · 7.6%

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Sepsis‐specific neonatal mortality · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Treatment failure · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin showed no clear difference in treatment failure compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery vs usual care

Early neonatal mortality · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery probably leads to lower early neonatal mortality compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Adverse events · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery vs usual care

Late neonatal mortality · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery probably leads to lower late neonatal mortality compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Neonatal mortality · neonates with fast breathing alone

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Treatment failure · neonates with fast breathing alone

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin showed no clear difference in treatment failure compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery vs usual care

Sepsis‐specific mortality · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: community‐based antibiotic delivery showed no clear difference in sepsis‐specific mortality compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics vs usual care

Neonatal mortality ‐ first dose and referral · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics may leads to lower neonatal mortality ‐ first dose and referral compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics vs usual care

Neonatal mortality ‐ full course · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether comparison 1: referral or full course of antibiotics changes neonatal mortality ‐ full course compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: route of antibiotic vs usual care

Neonatal mortality ‐ injectable antibiotic · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: route of antibiotic probably leads to lower neonatal mortality ‐ injectable antibiotic compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 1: route of antibiotic vs usual care

Neonatal mortality ‐ oral + injectable antibiotics · neonates with sepsis

Comparison 1: route of antibiotic showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality ‐ oral + injectable antibiotics compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Community health educational interventions vs control

Neonatal mortality · developing countries

Community health educational interventions may leads to lower neonatal mortality compared with control (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Community health educational one‐to‐one and group and both counselling (subgroup) vs control

Early neonatal mortality ‐ Both one‐to‐one and group counselling · developing countries

Community health educational one‐to‐one and group and both… probably leads to lower early neonatal mortality ‐ Both one‐to‐one and group counselling compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review