What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  10 studies · 1656 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 904 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  22 studies · 3679 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 99 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network meta‐analysis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 1313 participants
  Very low

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 742 participants
  High

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) showed no clear difference in adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) compared with control or placebo medications (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 345 participants
  Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 128 participants
  Moderate

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 128 participants
  Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 128 participants
  Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 128 participants
  Low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 52 participants
  Very low

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 742 participants
  High

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications

Dexmedetomidine showed no clear difference in adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) compared with control or placebo medications (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 261 participants
  Low