Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

676 questions · 705 findings · 98 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 183 · 26%GRADE not reported 47 · 6.7%Very low 209 · 29.6%Low 153 · 21.7%Moderate 85 · 12.1%High 28 · 4%

Intervention not reported

Pain: 0 to 10 on MBPS 0 = no pain; 10 = worst possible pain4 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP combination vaccine
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4a. Procedural crying (during and immediately after the vaccination procedure) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP combination vaccine
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4b. Persistent inconsolable crying8 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP combination vaccine

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes 4b. Persistent inconsolable crying8 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2a. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against diphtheria (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2a. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against diphtheria… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe local reaction11 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP combination vaccine
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐severe local reaction13 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP combination vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐severe local reaction13 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fever · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP combination vaccine
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Incidence of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2a. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against diphtheria (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2a. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against diphtheria… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2c. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against pertussis (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2d. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against Haemophilus influenzae type b disease (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2d. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against Haemophilus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Pain (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4a. Procedural crying (during and immediately after the vaccination procedure) (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4b. Persistent inconsolable crying4 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes 4b. Persistent inconsolable crying4 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe local reaction8 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention probably leads to lower severe local reaction8 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐severe local reaction11 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention probably leads to lower non‐severe local reaction11 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fever15 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes fever15 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2c. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against pertussis (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review