Adverse effects ‐ Sweating · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Pilocarpine may leads to higher sweating (adverse effect) compared with no treatment/placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Normalcy of diet (tube feeding) · Adults with cancer receiving treatment
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) showed no clear difference in normalcy of diet (tube feeding) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Number of days in hospital · Adults receiving bone marrow/stem cell transplantation after conditioning therapy for haematological cancers
Erythropoietin mouthwash showed no clear difference in number of days in hospital compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Number of days of treatment with opioid analgesics · Adults with cancer receiving treatment
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF; palifermin or repifermin),… showed no clear difference in number of days of treatment with opioid analgesics compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · Patients with taste disturbances (dysgeusia/hypogeusia; idiopathic, zinc-deficient, or secondary to chronic renal failure)
It is very uncertain whether zinc supplements (zinc sulphate, zinc gluconate, zinc picolinate,… changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: hypotension · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Amifostine may leads to higher hypotension (adverse effect) compared with no treatment/placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Taste acuity improvement - objective outcome (dichotomous data) · Patients with taste disturbances (dysgeusia/hypogeusia; idiopathic, zinc-deficient, or secondary to chronic renal failure)
It is very uncertain whether zinc supplements (zinc sulphate, zinc gluconate, zinc picolinate,… changes taste acuity improvement - objective outcome (dichotomous data) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Dysphagia (WHO grade 3+) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
Biperiden plus pilocarpine showed no clear difference in dysphagia (WHO grade 3+) compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · Patients with idiopathic dysgeusia and hypogeusia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life (Patient Benefit Questionnaire, 10-point scale) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
It is very uncertain whether amifostine changes quality of life (Patient Benefit Questionnaire, 10-point scale) compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate (unstimulated) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review
Insufficient evidence, from a single trial of 60 participants, to determine the effect on unstimulated salivary flow rate at the end of RT (Rode 1999; Analysis 2.1)
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported
Normalcy of diet (total parenteral nutrition) · Adults with cancer receiving treatment
Epidermal growth factor (EGF), oral spray showed no clear difference in normalcy of diet (total parenteral nutrition) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Oral mucositis (severe) · Adults receiving chemotherapy alone for colorectal cancer
Intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), oral spray showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (severe) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months)
SoF5 Dietary supplements vs placebo. Symptom relief short-term: insufficient or contradictory evidence regarding benefit of any evaluated dietary supplement; 628 participants (12 RCTs); very low. Subgroups: ALA without…
12 studies · 628 participants
Very low