What do systematic reviews say?

Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs High-content fluoride toothpaste (1350 ppm)

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  14 to 36 months
  Adverse effects were an outcome of interest in the study conducting this comparison, however no mention was made of the presence or absence of any adverse events
  1 study · 220 participants
  Very low

PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction socket vs placebo, no treatment or surveillance only

It is very uncertain whether PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction… changes incidence of ORN compared with no treatment/placebo (cellulose foam only) placed in extraction socket (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  5-year follow-up
  OR 3.32 [0.58, 19.09]
  1 study · 44 participants
  Very low

Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs High-content fluoride toothpaste (1350 ppm)

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  14 to 36 months
  This comparison was only made in 1 study, which showed no difference between the 2 interventions: no patients in either group developed ORN (12- to 36-month follow-up) (0/99 in the fluoride gel group and 0/91 in the…
  1 study · 220 participants
  Very low

PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction socket vs placebo, no treatment or surveillance only

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 weeks to 12 months
  This comparison was only made in 1 study: mean pain scores at 2 weeks, 2, 6, 9, and 12 months showed no 'significant' differences between the 2 groups (self-reported Likert scale 1 to 10; difference at 2 weeks P =…
  1 study · 44 participants
  Very low

Fluorides combined with CPP-ACP vs Fluorides alone (monotherapy)

Adding CPP-ACP to fluorides did not significantly change QLF outcomes for smooth-surface early caries lesions versus fluorides alone; not GRADE-rated.

• Efficacy of fluorides and CPP-ACP vs fluorides monotherapy on early caries lesions: A systematic review and… 2018 All outcomes

  Post-treatment (4-12 weeks) · In vivo clinical trial (human oral cavity; smooth-surface early caries lesions) · Location of lesions: smooth surfaces
  MD 0.26 [-0.50, 1.01]
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

SPT using one technique or appliance for mechanical root debridement vs SPT using a different technique or appliance for mechanical root debridement

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental practitioners under specialist prescription) vs SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice)

It is very uncertain whether SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental… changes bleeding on probing (%) compared with SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice) (very low certainty).

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  MD 7.40 [-8.12, 22.92]
  1 study · 35 participants
  Very low

Fluorides combined with CPP-ACP vs Fluorides alone (monotherapy)

Two trials reported visual inspection scores but could not be pooled (different criteria, missing standard deviations) and gave inconsistent findings, so no quantitative conclusion could be drawn.

• Efficacy of fluorides and CPP-ACP vs fluorides monotherapy on early caries lesions: A systematic review and… 2018 All outcomes

  Post-treatment (4-24 weeks) · In vivo clinical trial (human oral cavity)
  Not pooled (2 trials, different scoring criteria, standard deviations not reported). Brochner 2011: no significant difference; Andersson 2007: more lesions became invisible with fluorides + CPP-ACP.
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental practitioners under specialist prescription) vs SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice)

It is very uncertain whether SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental… changes probing pocket depth (mm) compared with SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice) (very low certainty).

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  MD 0.20 [-0.40, 0.80]
  1 study · 35 participants
  Very low

Mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline microspheres or doxycycline gel) vs Mechanical debridement alone

It is very uncertain whether mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline… changes bleeding on probing (ratios) compared with mechanical debridement alone (very low certainty).

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  OR 0.45 [0.14, 1.52]
  1 study · 50 participants
  Very low

SPT provided at one time interval vs SPT provided at a different time interval

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental practitioners under specialist prescription) vs SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not measured
  0 studies
  No studies found

Mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline microspheres or doxycycline gel) vs Mechanical debridement alone

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  See comment. Killeen 2016 reported no adverse events at follow-up examinations in either study arm. Tonetti 2012 reported that there were no serious adverse events.
  2 studies · 251 participants
  GRADE not reported

Fluorides combined with CPP-ACP vs Fluorides alone (monotherapy)

For occlusal early caries lesions, adding CPP-ACP to fluorides produced significantly greater laser-fluorescence improvement than fluorides alone (favors the combination); not GRADE-rated.

• Efficacy of fluorides and CPP-ACP vs fluorides monotherapy on early caries lesions: A systematic review and… 2018 All outcomes

  Post-treatment (3-12 weeks) · In vivo clinical trial (human oral cavity; occlusal early caries lesions) · Location of lesions: occlusal surfaces
  MD -21.02 [-27.94, -14.10]
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported
• Efficacy of fluorides and CPP-ACP vs fluorides monotherapy on early caries lesions: A systematic review and… 2018 All outcomes

  Post-treatment (12-24 weeks) · In vivo clinical trial (human oral cavity; smooth-surface early caries lesions) · Location of lesions: smooth surfaces
  MD -13.90 [-39.25, 11.46]
  4 studies
  GRADE not reported

Mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline microspheres or doxycycline gel) vs Mechanical debridement alone

Mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline… showed no clear difference in pocket depth (mm) compared with mechanical debridement alone (low certainty).

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  MD -0.10 [-0.59, 0.39]
  1 study · 51 participants
  Low

Mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline microspheres or doxycycline gel) vs Mechanical debridement alone

Mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline… showed no clear difference in clinical attachment level (mm) compared with mechanical debridement alone (low certainty).

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 months
  MD 0.10 [-0.42, 0.62]
  1 study · 53 participants
  Low

Mechanical debridement plus local antimicrobial (minocycline microspheres or doxycycline gel) vs Mechanical debridement alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not measured
  0 studies
  No studies found

Fluorides combined with CPP-ACP vs Fluorides alone (monotherapy)

Adding CPP-ACP to fluorides did not significantly change the lesion-area outcome for smooth-surface early caries lesions versus fluorides alone; not GRADE-rated.

• Efficacy of fluorides and CPP-ACP vs fluorides monotherapy on early caries lesions: A systematic review and… 2018 All outcomes

  Post-treatment (8-24 weeks) · In vivo clinical trial (human oral cavity; smooth-surface early caries lesions; visual measurement) · Location of lesions: smooth surfaces
  MD 4.37 [-0.51, 9.26]
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental practitioners under specialist prescription) vs SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not measured
  0 studies
  No studies found

SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental practitioners under specialist prescription) vs SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not measured
  0 studies
  No studies found