Scalp infiltration showed no clear difference in adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) compared with control or placebo intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 318 participants
Low

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Acute postoperative pain 0 to 6 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 414 participants
Low

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Acute postoperative pain at 12 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 294 participants
Low

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Acute postoperative pain at 24 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 433 participants
Low

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 135 participants
Very low

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Analgesic Success · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Additional analgesia required (escape analgesia) · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 314 participants
Low

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Analgesic Success · adults undergoing brain surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Chronic Headache · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Length of critical care stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Length of hospital stay · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Scalp block vs placebo or control

Adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery

It is very uncertain whether scalp block changes adverse event nausea and vomiting (0 to 24 hours) compared with control or placebo intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 165 participants
Very low

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Chronic Headache · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NSAIDs vs control or placebo medications

Length of critical care stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PUL vs TURP

Urological symptom scores

2 findings from 1 review

Prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 72 participants
Low
Prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 69 participants
Low