Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,751 questions · 12,775 findings · 807 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,413 · 26.7%GRADE not reported 709 · 5.5%Very low 3,483 · 27.3%Low 3,165 · 24.8%Moderate 1,628 · 12.7%High 377 · 3%

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Impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual vs usual care

Social functioning · adults with antisocial personality disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions for antisocial personality disorder 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Educational intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 1128 participants
Very low

Supportive intervention vs control

Daytime sleepiness (ESS): change from baseline. · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 470 participants
Low

Supportive intervention vs control

QoL · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 294 participants
Very low

Behavioural intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 578 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

1.2 CPAP device usage (hours/night), sensitivity analysis: adherence in control group < four hours/night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 525 participants
Moderate

Behavioural intervention vs control

N deemed adherent (≥4 hours/night) · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Behavioural intervention leads to higher 3.3 N deemed adherent (≥ four hours/night) compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.7 [1.2, 2.41]
6 studies · 549 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

1.4 Withdrawal ‐ NO META‐ANALYSIS PERFORMED · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Behavioural intervention leads to lower 3.4 Withdrawal compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.66 [0.44, 0.98]
10 studies · 939 participants
High

Behavioural intervention vs control

Daytime sleepiness (ESS): endpoint score. · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 271 participants
Low

Behavioural intervention vs control

AHI · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 89 participants
Very low

Behavioural intervention vs control

QoL · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

2 findings from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 228 participants
Moderate
Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 200 participants
GRADE not reported

Educational intervention vs control

1.2 CPAP device usage (hours/night), sensitivity analysis: adherence in control group < four hours/night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 698 participants
Very low

Mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention vs control

Machine usage Hours per night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 4509 participants
Very low

Mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention vs control

1.2 CPAP device usage (hours/night), sensitivity analysis: adherence in control group < four hours/night · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 343 participants
Very low

Mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention vs control

N deemed adherent (≥4 hours/night) · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

It is very uncertain whether mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention changes 4.3 N deemed adherent (≥ four hours/night) compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.71 [1.08, 2.72]
9 studies · 4015 participants
Very low

Mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention vs control

1.4 Withdrawal ‐ NO META‐ANALYSIS PERFORMED · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

It is very uncertain whether mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention changes 4.4 Withdrawal compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.61 [0.28, 1.3]
11 studies · 4956 participants
Very low

Mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention vs control

QoL · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 3012 participants
Low

Mixed (BEH/EDU/SUP) intervention vs control

Anxiety · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 333 participants
Very low

Educational intervention vs control

N deemed adherent (≥4 hours/night) · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

It is very uncertain whether educational intervention changes 1.3 N deemed adherent (≥ four hours/night) compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.58 [1.5, 4.44]
7 studies · 1019 participants
Very low

Educational intervention vs control

1.4 Withdrawal ‐ NO META‐ANALYSIS PERFORMED · adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1745 participants
GRADE not reported