Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,756 questions · 11,779 findings · 747 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 3,205 · 27.2%GRADE not reported 628 · 5.3%Very low 3,261 · 27.7%Low 2,913 · 24.7%Moderate 1,453 · 12.3%High 319 · 2.7%

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Oral magnesium vs placebo/no treatment

At least 50% reduction in pain · treating leg cramps in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether oral magnesium changes intensity of pain: 50% reduction in pain score 100‐mm visual… compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral magnesium vs placebo/no treatment

Duration of leg cramps: persisting symptoms after night‐time cramps Always · treating leg cramps in pregnancy

Oral magnesium may leads to lower duration of leg cramps: persisting symptoms after night‐time cramps… compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral magnesium vs placebo/no treatment

Duration of leg cramps: persisting symptoms after night‐time cramps Sometimes · treating leg cramps in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether oral magnesium changes duration of leg cramps: persisting symptoms after night‐time cramps… compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral magnesium vs placebo/no treatment

Composite outcome: symptoms of leg cramps (intensity and frequency) Partial improvement: decrease in intensity and frequency · treating leg cramps in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether oral magnesium changes composite outcome: symptoms of leg cramps (intensity and frequency)… compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

UAE/UACE vs MTX

Treatment success rate · women with CSP

UAE/UACE showed no clear difference in treatment success after initial treatment UAE vs systemic MTX compared with systemic MTX (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

UAE/UACE vs MTX

Complications UAE vs systemic MTX · women with CSP

UAE/UACE showed no clear difference in complications UAE vs systemic MTX compared with systemic MTX (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

UAE/UACE vs MTX

Adverse effects UAE vs systemic MTX · women with CSP

UAE/UACE showed no clear difference in adverse effects UAE vs systemic MTX compared with systemic MTX (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) Measured using temperature‐adjusted g/m²/h with the Tewameter TM 300 (Courage + Khazaka, Cologne, Germany) Hahnel 2017: measured at 56 ± 4 days Shishido 2017: measured 15 minutes after wiping the skin with a dry to... · people 60 years of age and older
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Stratum corneum hydration (SCH) (at baseline and day 56 ± 4) Hahnel 2017: measured at 56 ± 4 days in mid‐volar arm and lower leg in arbitrary units from 0 (no water) to 120 (on water) using the Corneometer CM 825 Gillis 2016: measured at 12 weeks ... · people 60 years of age and older
1 finding from 1 review