Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

766 questions · 806 findings · 76 reviews · ENT

No studies found 293 · 36.4%GRADE not reported 6 · 0.7%Very low 244 · 30.3%Low 170 · 21.1%Moderate 85 · 10.5%High 8 · 1%

Daily aural toileting vs single aural toileting episode

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ dizziness ( · people (of any age) with otorrhoea for a duration of at least 6 weeks

It is very uncertain whether daily aural toileting changes adverse events: dizziness Assessed by: self reported compared with single aural toileting episode (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aural toileting vs no aural toileting

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ 4 weeks or more Assessed by: otoscopically confirmed · children with chronic suppurative otitis media

It is very uncertain whether aural toileting changes resolution of ear discharge ‐ 4 weeks or more Assessed by:… compared with no aural toileting (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Daily aural toileting vs single aural toileting episode

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with otorrhoea for a duration of at least 6 weeks

It is very uncertain whether daily aural toileting changes resolution of ear discharge ‐ 1 to 2 weeks Assessed by: unknown ‐… compared with single aural toileting episode (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

Change in viral load · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

RECOVERY trial outcomes (mortality; hospitalisation status; use of ventilation; use of renal dialysis or haemofiltration) · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

Changes in microbiome in oral cavity, nasal cavity, oro- or nasopharynx · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to the patient or HCW before and/or after an AGP vs No treatment or saline or water

COVID-19 viral content of aerosol · Patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), and the healthcare workers…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Complete resolution of symptoms (proportion of patients with 'immediate and persistent resolution of symptoms' from the point of surgery/randomisation up to end of study · children with PFAPA

The intervention showed no clear difference in complete resolution of symptoms (proportion of patients with… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review