Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

451 questions · 479 findings · 42 reviews · Stroke

No studies found 147 · 30.7%GRADE not reported 22 · 4.6%Very low 130 · 27.1%Low 103 · 21.5%Moderate 60 · 12.5%High 17 · 3.5%

Music vs usual care

Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · acquired brain injury
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Proportion of stroke patients without clinical diagnosis of an anxiety disorder · stroke survivors with anxiety
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Proportion of stroke patients scoring outside anxiety range; or changes from baseline on an anxiety rating scale · stroke survivors with anxiety
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Co‐morbid depression · stroke survivors with anxiety
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Quality of life ‐ not reported · stroke survivors with anxiety

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Social activities ‐ not reported · stroke survivors with anxiety

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Activities of daily living · stroke survivors with anxiety
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Principal caregiver burden ‐ not reported · stroke survivors with anxiety

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antispasticity drugs vs placebo

Indirect measure of spasticity Modified Ashworth Scale · people with spasticity following stroke

It is very uncertain whether systemic antispasticity drugs changes indirect measure of spasticity Modified Ashworth Scale compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fatigue severity at the end of pharmacological treatment (assessed by different fatigue scales) · people with stroke with fatigue

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes fatigue severity at the end of pharmacological treatment (assessed… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fatigue severity at the end of non‐pharmacological treatment (assessed by different fatigue scales) · people with stroke with fatigue

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes fatigue severity at the end of non‐pharmacological treatment… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fatigue severity at the end of treatment (assessed by Fatigue Severity Scale) · people with stroke not necessarily having fatigue
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Changes of fatigue scores from baseline to after treatment (assessed by energy/fatigue scale from the Medical Outcomes Study) · people with stroke not necessarily having fatigue
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Proportion of participants with fatigue after treatment (assessed by the self report by participants) · people with stroke not necessarily having fatigue

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes proportion of participants with fatigue after treatment (assessed by… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall USN at discharge Barrage; Letter Cancellation; Sentence Reading; Wundt‐Jastrow Paolucci 2010 study · unilateral spatial neglect after stroke
1 finding from 1 review