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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
10,375 questions in 429 reviews · Oral Health
current versionsNo studies 1,344 · 13%Ungraded 6,832 · 65.9%Very low 1,228 · 11.8%Low 613 · 5.9%Moderate 290 · 2.8%High 68 · 0.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs Placebo or no treatment Caries increment on primary (deciduous) tooth surfaces (d(e/m)fs), prevented fraction · Children with primary (deciduous) teeth (younger children) · Nearest to 3 years, Placebo-controlled trials Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and… (2003) · Cochrane | PF 0.27 [0.08, 0.48] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs Placebo or no treatment Caries increment on permanent whole teeth (D(M)FT), prevented fraction · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or younger (permanent dentition) · Nearest to 3 years, Fluoride toothpaste trials Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and… (2003) · Cochrane | PF 0.23 [0.19, 0.28] | 53 studies | Ungraded |
Occlusal adjustment (OA) vs Placebo Adverse events · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with clinically diagnosed temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders (2003) · Cochrane | There were no reports of adverse reactions. | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal adjustment (OA) vs No treatment Pain (frequency) · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with clinically diagnosed temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders (2003) · Cochrane | OR 0.10 [0.00, 2.15] | 1 study · 17 participants | Ungraded |
Occlusal adjustment (OA) vs Placebo Cost · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with clinically diagnosed temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders (2003) · Cochrane | There were no data on psychosocial outcomes, costs or quality of life in any of the trials. | 0 studies | No studies |
Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs Placebo or no treatment Caries increment on primary (deciduous) tooth surfaces (d(e/m)fs), prevented fraction · Children with primary (deciduous) teeth (younger children) · Nearest to 3 years Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and… (2003) · Cochrane | PF 0.33 [0.22, 0.44] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
Occlusal adjustment (OA) vs No treatment Headache (frequency) · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with clinically diagnosed temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders (2003) · Cochrane | OR 0.10 [0.00, 2.15] | 1 study · 17 participants | Ungraded |
Occlusal adjustment (OA) vs Placebo Pain (frequency) · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with clinically diagnosed temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders (2003) · Cochrane | OR 0.5 [0.07, 3.85] | 1 study · 18 participants | Ungraded |
Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs Placebo or no treatment Unacceptability of treatment (dropouts/exclusions during the trial) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or younger · During trial, No-treatment-controlled trials Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and… (2003) · Cochrane | RR 1.20 [0.85, 1.70] | 10 studies | Ungraded |
Fluoride toothpaste vs Placebo (non-fluoride) toothpaste Oral soft tissue lesions (adverse effect) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less · At least 1 year Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents (2003) · Cochrane | Oral soft tissue lesions reported in 3 trials, none of which with complete or useable data; all three stated "no lesions attributable to product use were noted". | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Fluoride toothpaste vs Placebo (non-fluoride) toothpaste Caries increment in permanent teeth: decayed, (missing) and filled teeth D(M)FT (prevented fraction) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less · At least 1 year Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents (2003) · Cochrane | PF 0.23 [0.18, 0.28] | 53 studies · 32371 participants | Ungraded |
Occlusal adjustment (OA) vs No treatment or placebo (control) Incidence of TMD symptoms · Healthy subjects without TMD at baseline (children, adolescents and young adults) Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders (2003) · Cochrane | OR 0.43 [0.14, 1.37] | 3 studies · 300 participants | Ungraded |
Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs Placebo or no treatment Proportion of children developing one or more new caries · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or younger (permanent dentition) Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and… (2003) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.82, 0.95] | 13 studies | Ungraded |
Ceramic inlays (all types) vs Composite resin (direct restoration) Outcome NR · Adults who require restorative treatment in posterior teeth Ceramic inlays for restoring posterior teeth (2003) · Cochrane | No eligible randomised controlled trial comparing ceramic inlays with composite resin (direct) restorations was identified; this planned comparison could not be evaluated. | 0 studies | No studies |
Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs Placebo or no treatment Caries increment on primary (deciduous) tooth surfaces (d(e/m)fs), prevented fraction · Children with primary (deciduous) teeth (younger children) · Nearest to 3 years, Fluoride varnish trials Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and… (2003) · Cochrane | PF 0.33 [0.19, 0.48] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Dissatisfied with eating with denture · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | RR 5.36 [0.67, 43.07] | 1 study · 58 participants | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Dissatisfied with appearance of denture · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | RR 1.43 [0.35, 5.83] | 1 study · 58 participants | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Overall denture satisfaction (0-10 scale) · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 5 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | MD -0.90 [-1.74, -0.06] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Overall denture satisfaction (binary) · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | RR 16.03 [0.96, 268.36] | 1 study · 58 participants | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Cost-effectiveness · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | Cost-effectiveness (outcome 1.9): The cost-effectiveness data could not be extracted from the report as it was combined with a separate trial. | 1 study | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Dissatisfied with speech with denture · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | RR 7.5 [0.98, 57.16] | 1 study · 58 participants | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Morbidity: altered sensation of the lower lip and chin · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year; 5 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | Morbidity: altered lower lip and chin sensation, measured at 1 year and 5 years (Risk Ratio, M-H Fixed; totals not selected). There was no statistically significant difference at either time point and no patients had… | 1 study | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Overall denture satisfaction (0-10 scale) · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | MD -0.66 [-1.28, -0.04] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Dissatisfied with lower denture · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | RR 3.75 [0.85, 16.55] | 1 study · 58 participants | Ungraded |
Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO) Dissatisfied with retention of denture · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention · 1 year Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants (2002) · Cochrane | RR 2.41 [0.84, 6.95] | 1 study · 58 participants | Ungraded |