Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

83 questions · 90 findings · 12 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 5 · 5.6%GRADE not reported 1 · 1.1%Very low 16 · 17.8%Low 40 · 44.4%Moderate 25 · 27.8%High 3 · 3.3%

Physical exercise training vs control

Change in peak oxygen uptake Cardiopulmonary exercise test · individuals with stable bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training for bronchiectasis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 19 participants
Very low

Physical exercise training vs control

Change in quality of life · individuals with stable bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training for bronchiectasis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 110 participants
Low

Physical exercise training vs control

Change in cough‐related quality of life · individuals with stable bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training for bronchiectasis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 103 participants
Moderate

Physical exercise training vs control

Change from baseline in 6MWT (metres) · people in the post‐acute period following acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise training for bronchiectasis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 27 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training vs exercise

Exercise endurance Duration of constant work rate exercise test (minutes) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 32 participants
Low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Functional exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 501 participants
Moderate

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Health‐related quality of life · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2 findings from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 182 participants
Very low
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 86 participants
Moderate

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Inspiratory muscle strength · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
32 studies · 916 participants
Low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Dyspnea · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

3 findings from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 144 participants
Very low
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 238 participants
Very low
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 150 participants
Low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control

Inspiratory muscle strength · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 84 participants
Low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control

Exacerbations requiring a course of oral or inhaled corticosteroids or emergency department visits · people with asthma

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Inspiratory muscle training vs control

PEmax cmH2O · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 38 participants
Very low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control

FEV1 (L) · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control

Dyspnoea Measured using Borg scale · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

Inspiratory muscle training vs control

Change from baseline mean daily use of β2‐agonists (puffs/day) (duration 24 to 44 weeks) · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training for asthma 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

Multimedia training vs control versus usual care

Asthma control · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 91 participants
Low

Multimedia training vs control versus usual care

Other outcomes · people with asthma

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multimedia training vs control versus usual care

Correct inhaler technique · people with asthma

Multimedia training showed no clear difference in correct inhaler technique Immediately after intervention compared with control versus usual care (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.15 [0.84, 5.5]
2 studies · 164 participants
Moderate
Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.78 [0.4, 7.94]
1 study · 28 participants
Low
Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 136 participants
GRADE not reported

Pulmonary rehabilitation plus inspiratory muscle training vs pulmonary rehabilitation alone

Dyspnea · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2 findings from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 202 participants
Moderate
Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 204 participants
Very low

Pulmonary rehabilitation plus inspiratory muscle training vs pulmonary rehabilitation alone

Functional exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 1199 participants
Very low