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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

275 questions · 279 findings · 32 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

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No studies found 76 · 27.2%GRADE not reported 5 · 1.8%Very low 42 · 15.1%Low 105 · 37.6%Moderate 46 · 16.5%High 5 · 1.8%

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Cough · patients receiving PD

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) showed no clear difference in cough compared with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Hyperkalaemia · patients receiving PD

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) showed no clear difference in hyperkalaemia compared with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone vs angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone vs angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone showed no clear difference in cardiovascular death Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone vs angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB

Doubling of SCr Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone showed no clear difference in doubling of SCr Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone vs angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone vs angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone vs angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB

Micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone showed no clear difference in micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone vs angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) alone showed no clear difference in micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors plus ARB (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in cardiovascular death Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Doubling of SCr Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in doubling of SCr Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review