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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

28 questions · 30 findings · 4 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 2 · 6.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 16.7%Low 11 · 36.7%Moderate 12 · 40%High 0 · 0%

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Maternal death · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes maternal death compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) showed no clear difference in frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Retained placenta · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes retained placenta compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Perinatal mortality · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) showed no clear difference in perinatal death compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Maternal admission to hospital · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes maternal admission to hospital compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review