Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

31 questions · 35 findings · 2 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer

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No studies found 8 · 22.9%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 14.3%Low 16 · 45.7%Moderate 6 · 17.1%High 0 · 0%

Probiotics vs placebo

Median (mean) time to use of rescue medication · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

2 findings from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 205 participants
Moderate
Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 482 participants
Moderate

Probiotics vs placebo

Requiring rescue medication for diarrhoea · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

Probiotics showed no clear difference in requiring rescue medication for diarrhoea compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.53, 1.03]
1 study · 205 participants
Moderate
Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5 [0.15, 1.66]
3 studies · 194 participants
Very low

Probiotics vs placebo

Diarrhoea (grade 2+) · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

Probiotics showed no clear difference in diarrhoea grade 2 or higher compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.55, 1.03]
4 studies · 420 participants
Low

Probiotics vs placebo

Adverse events · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

2 findings from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 205 participants
Moderate
Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 902 participants
Low

Probiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

2 findings from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 205 participants
Moderate
Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 902 participants
Low

Probiotics vs placebo

Grade 3 to 4 diarrhoea · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 793 participants
Low

Probiotics vs placebo

Diarrhoea grade 4 · participants with cancer treated with radiotherapy (with or without chemotherapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 226 participants
Very low

Probiotics vs placebo or control

Diarrhoea (grade 2+) · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer

Summary of findings: Probiotics may leads to lower diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with control (placebo or no intervention) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.43 [0.22, 0.82]
5 studies · 923 participants
Low

Probiotics vs placebo or control

QoL · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Probiotics vs placebo or control

Mean GI symptom scores · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Probiotics vs placebo or control

Acute and late GI toxicity (grade 2+) · People undergoing RT for pelvic cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found