Adverse effects: dry mouth · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Analgesic‐decongestant showed no clear difference in adverse effects: dry mouth compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Gastrointestinal adverse events · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Analgesic‐decongestant showed no clear difference in adverse effects: gastrointestinal compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: dizziness, lightheadedness · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Analgesic‐decongestant leads to higher adverse effects: dizziness, lightheadedness compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Global evaluation · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐analgesic‐decongestant showed no clear difference in global evaluation: after 3 days of treatment (included children 2 to… compared with placebo (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Global evaluation: after 5 days of treatment (included children 2 to 12 years old only) · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐analgesic‐decongestant showed no clear difference in global evaluation: after 5 days of treatment (included children 2 to… compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: all · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐decongestant showed no clear difference in adverse effects: all compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: drowsiness, hypersomnia, and excessive sleepiness · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐decongestant showed no clear difference in adverse effects: drowsiness, hypersomnia, and excessive sleepiness compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: dry mouth · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐decongestant leads to higher adverse effects: dry mouth compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: insomnia · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐decongestant showed no clear difference in adverse effects: insomnia compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: gastrointestinal upset · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐decongestant showed no clear difference in adverse effects: gastrointestinal upset compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Global evaluation · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐analgesic probably leads to lower global evaluation compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: drowsiness, hypersomnia, and excessive sleepiness · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Antihistamine‐analgesic showed no clear difference in adverse effects: drowsiness, hypersomnia, and excessive sleepiness compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Global evaluation · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms
Analgesic‐decongestant probably leads to lower global evaluation compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Acute exacerbations (number of exacerbations/person/year) · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
The intervention showed no clear difference in acute exacerbations (number of exacerbations/person/year) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality (deaths during trial period) · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes mortality (deaths during trial period) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Carriage of NTHi Not meta‐analysed · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Antibiotic prescriptions (number of courses/person/year) **Corticosteroids not meta‐analysed · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
The intervention may leads to higher antibiotic prescriptions (number of courses/person/year)… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Hospital admissions (number of participants hospitalised during trial period) · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Adverse events (number of adverse events/person/year) · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events (number of adverse events/person/year) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Quality of life Not meta‐analysed · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low