Quality of life · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Difficulty in swallowing (participant-reported proxy) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) led to lower difficulty in swallowing (participant-reported proxy) compared with placebo or no active treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Economic: direct costs · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement of histological features (not improved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
Systemic beta carotene or carotenoids (incl. lycopene) may leads to lower improvement of histological features (not improved) compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Malignant transformation (oral cancer development) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
It is very uncertain whether systemic beta carotene or carotenoids (incl. lycopene) changes oral cancer development compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
SoF 2, Safety of the intervention at 5 to 12 months: 'Systemic beta carotene did not cause any adverse effects in 1 study supplementing 10 mg/d (Nagao), and caused adverse effects of varying severity in 9% of…
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Clinical resolution (oral lesion not completely resolved) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
SoF 2, Clinical resolution (not completely resolved) at 5 to 12 months: 'The 3 studies could not be combined in meta-analysis. 2 found benefit for systemic beta carotene, and 1 did not.' No GRADE rating. Effects text…
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesshort-term (up to 3 months)
SoF5 Dietary supplements vs placebo. Symptom relief short-term: insufficient or contradictory evidence regarding benefit of any evaluated dietary supplement; 628 participants (12 RCTs); very low. Subgroups: ALA without…
12 studies · 628 participants
Very low
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether physiotherapy (tongue-spatula jaw exercises) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with no active treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
Intralesional steroid injection plus adjunctive treatment showed no clear difference in maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional steroid injection alone (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether topical curcumin gel changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with topical aloe vera gel (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether buccal fat pad pedicle plus placental extract changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with buccal fat pad pedicle alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether vasodilators (isoxsuprine, xanthinol nicotinate) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with placebo or no active treatment (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether buccal fat pad graft changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with extended nasolabial flap (very low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
MD 6.50 [-10.72, 23.72]
1 study · 8 participants
Very low
MD -7.25 [-14.19, -0.31]
1 study · 8 participants
Very low
MD 6.00 [-11.36, 23.36]
1 study · 8 participants
Very low
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
Rajendran 2006 (pentoxifylline 14 vs multivitamins 15): reported increased interincisal distance in the pentoxifylline group but no baseline data, so change could not be determined; excluded from meta-analysis.
1 study · 29 participants
GRADE not reported
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
Oxitard (antioxidant) may leads to higher maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with aloe vera gel (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
Spirulina may leads to lower maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with oxitard (antioxidant) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
Intralesional steroid injections showed no clear difference in maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with alternative medicinal treatments (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether abdominal dermal fat graft changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with nasolabial flap (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
MD -14.87 [-19.93, -9.81]
1 study · 30 participants
Very low
MD -3.60 [-5.17, -2.03]
1 study · 30 participants
Very low
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether levamisole changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with antioxidant (Antoxid) (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review