Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

178 questions · 186 findings · 8 reviews

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No studies found 40 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 3 · 1.6%Very low 14 · 7.5%Low 75 · 40.3%Moderate 32 · 17.2%High 22 · 11.8%

Anti‐PD1 monoclonal antibodies vs chemotherapy alone

Toxicity (≥ G3) · people with cutaneous melanoma

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
0.55 [0.31, 0.97]
1360 participants
Low

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · people with cutaneous melanoma

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy probably leads to lower progression‐free survival† compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.76 [0.63, 0.92]
502 participants
Moderate

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Tumour response · people with cutaneous melanoma

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in tumour response compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.28 [0.92, 1.77]
1157 participants
Moderate

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Toxicity (≥ G3) · people with cutaneous melanoma

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy probably leads to higher toxicity (≥ G3) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.69 [1.19, 2.42]
1142 participants
Moderate

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Overall survival† · people with cutaneous melanoma

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival† compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.81 [0.65, 1.01]
1157 participants
Low

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab vs placebo

Infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 within 6 months · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab probably leads to lower infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 within 6 months compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.45 [0.29, 0.7]
1 study · 4685 participants
Moderate

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 within 6 months · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Casirivimab/imdevimab may leads to lower infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 within 6 monthsa compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.01 [0, 0.14]
1 study · 825 participants
Low

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Development of clinical COVID‐19 symptoms within 6 months · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Casirivimab/imdevimab may leads to lower development of clinical COVID‐19 symptoms within 6 months compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.02 [0, 0.27]
1 study · 969 participants
Low

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

All‐cause mortality within 6 months · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 969 participants
Very low

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Change in hospital admission rates · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Quality of life at longest · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Adverse events: grade 1 to 2 · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Grades 3 and 4 adverse events · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

It is very uncertain whether casirivimab/imdevimab changes adverse events: grade 3 to 4 within 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.44 [0.1, 1.95]
1 study · 969 participants
Very low
SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.5 [0.24, 1.02]
1 study · 2617 participants
Low

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Adverse events: all grades · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Casirivimab/imdevimab showed no clear difference in adverse events: all grades within 6 months compared with placebo (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.98, 1.31]
1 study · 969 participants
Low
SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.7 [0.61, 0.8]
1 study · 2617 participants
High

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Serious adverse events within 6 months · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

It is very uncertain whether casirivimab/imdevimab changes serious adverse events within 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.16, 4.21]
1 study · 969 participants
Very low

Bamlanivimab vs placebo

OutcomesÂ · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab vs placebo

Development of clinical COVID‐19 symptoms within 6 months · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab leads to lower development of clinical COVID‐19 symptoms within 6 months compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.18 [0.09, 0.35]
1 study · 5172 participants
High

Bamlanivimab vs placebo

Confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Bamlanivimab probably leads to lower infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 by day 30 compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.76 [0.59, 0.98]
1 study · 966 participants
Moderate

Bamlanivimab vs placebo

Development of clinical COVID‐19 symptoms within 30 days · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Bamlanivimab vs placebo

All‐cause mortality by day 60 · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Bamlanivimab showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality by day 60 compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SARS‐CoV‐2‐neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.25, 2.7]
1 study · 966 participants
Low