Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

28 questions · 35 findings · 6 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 4 · 11.4%GRADE not reported 20 · 57.1%Very low 6 · 17.1%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 1 · 2.9%High 4 · 11.4%

Salvadora persica (miswak) mouthrinse vs Placebo rinse

Streptococcus mutans count · Medically healthy individuals (adults and children, 6-60 years)

Salvadora persica rinse reduced Streptococcus mutans counts more than placebo (favours Salvadora persica); not GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedation

Outcome not reported · Medically compromised children (ASA III+) or children with learning/behavioural difficulties needing dental treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • 'Some of the techniques described may be useful in the management of medically compromised patients, but at present there are no studies carried out in these groups.' (Discussion) Explicit evidence gap.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in conjunction with mechanical oral hygiene procedures vs Placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral hygiene alone); controls pooled (protocol's separate comparisons versus mechanical oral hygiene alone and versus placebo/control merged)

Supragingival calculus formation (various calculus indices) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… showed no clear difference in supragingival calculus formation (various calculus indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral…; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in conjunction with mechanical oral hygiene procedures vs Placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral hygiene alone); controls pooled (protocol's separate comparisons versus mechanical oral hygiene alone and versus placebo/control merged)

Gingivitis · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… leads to lower gingivitis (gingival inflammation) measured by Gingival Index of Loe… compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral… (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in conjunction with mechanical oral hygiene procedures vs Placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral hygiene alone); controls pooled (protocol's separate comparisons versus mechanical oral hygiene alone and versus placebo/control merged)

Gingival bleeding (various bleeding indices) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… led to lower gingival bleeding (various bleeding indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral…; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in conjunction with mechanical oral hygiene procedures vs Placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral hygiene alone); controls pooled (protocol's separate comparisons versus mechanical oral hygiene alone and versus placebo/control merged)

Plaque · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… leads to lower dental plaque (various plaque indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral… (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in conjunction with mechanical oral hygiene procedures vs Placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral hygiene alone); controls pooled (protocol's separate comparisons versus mechanical oral hygiene alone and versus placebo/control merged)

Other adverse effects (taste disturbance, oral mucosal effects, burning sensation) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…
1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in conjunction with mechanical oral hygiene procedures vs Placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral hygiene alone); controls pooled (protocol's separate comparisons versus mechanical oral hygiene alone and versus placebo/control merged)

Extrinsic tooth staining (various staining indices) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… led to higher extrinsic tooth staining (various staining indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral…; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review