Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

55 questions · 55 findings · 9 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 1 · 1.8%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 4 · 7.3%Low 29 · 52.7%Moderate 19 · 34.5%High 2 · 3.6%

Summary of findings (water exercise vs no exercise

Exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
30 participants
High

Summary of findings (water exercise vs no exercise

Exercise capacity (change from baseline) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
30 participants
High

Summary of findings (water exercise vs land exercise)

Change in 6‐minute walking distance · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
62 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings (water exercise vs land exercise)

Exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
59 participants
Low

Summary of findings (water exercise vs land exercise)

Exercise capacity (change from baseline) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
59 participants
Moderate

Upper limb exercise training vs No upper limb training

Peak Upper Limb Exercise Capacity (Supported) · stable COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise training for COPD 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 70 participants
Low

Upper limb exercise training vs No upper limb training

Peak Upper Limb Exercise Capacity (Unsupported) · stable COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise training for COPD 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 112 participants
Moderate

Upper limb exercise training vs No upper limb training

Endurance Upper Limb Exercise Capacity (Supported) · stable COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise training for COPD 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 57 participants
Low

Upper limb exercise training vs No upper limb training

Endurance Upper Limb Exercise Capacity (Unsupported) assessed by total number of rings moved in 6 minutes. · stable COPD

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise training for COPD 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 142 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Change in 6‐minute walking distance · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Dyspnoea during treadmill walking Borg scale at isotime during constant work rate treadmill test Scale ranges from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Change in dyspnoea score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise

Health‐related quality of life (Change in CRQ Dyspnoea) CRQ · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 73 participants
Moderate

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Functional exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 501 participants
Moderate

Pulmonary rehabilitation plus inspiratory muscle training vs pulmonary rehabilitation alone

Functional exercise capacity · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 1199 participants
Very low

Pulmonary rehabilitation vs no intervention

Change in time in MVPA · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 190 participants
Low

Pulmonary rehabilitation vs no intervention

Time in MVPA · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate

Pulmonary rehabilitation vs no intervention

Time in moderate‐intensity physical activity · people with COPD, clinical stability

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 97 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings (water exercise vs no exercise

Quality of life St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 participants
Low

Summary of findings (water exercise vs land exercise)

QoL · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Water‐based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
60 participants
Low