Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

53 questions · 53 findings · 9 reviews · Incontinence

No studies found 27 · 50.9%GRADE not reported 2 · 3.8%Very low 9 · 17%Low 9 · 17%Moderate 5 · 9.4%High 1 · 1.9%

Yoga vs an active intervention

Bothersomeness of symptoms at short term (6 weeks) Measured by the Overactive Bladder Symptom and Quality of Life‐Short Form (OABq‐SF) (lower = better) · women with urge‐predominant urinary incontinence
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Number whose treatment was changed after assessment with or without urodynamics · patients with lower urinary tract symptoms

The intervention may leads to higher number whose treatment was changed after assessment with or without… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Electrical or magnetic stimulation vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

Number of participants experiencing surface or skin‐related adverse events: e.g. skin reactions, bruising, hypersensitivity to gel · men with urinary incontinence following prostate surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Electrical or magnetic stimulation vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

Number of participants experiencing muscle‐related adverse events: e.g. soreness, discomfort, cramps, pain · men with urinary incontinence following prostate surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Combinations of conservative treatments vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

Perception of improvement or cure · men with urinary incontinence following prostate surgery

Combinations of conservative treatments showed no clear difference in subjective cure or improvement: patient‐reported as defined by the… compared with no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combinations of conservative treatments vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

Disease‐specific quality of life · men with urinary incontinence following prostate surgery

Combinations of conservative treatments showed no clear difference in condition‐specific quality of life: using validated questionnaires,… compared with no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review